identification of unknown organic compound
Identification of Unknown Organic Compound by Melting Point (M.P), Boiling Point (B.P) and Infrared Spectroscopy
Methods and Background The main objective of this lab is to identify the given unknown organic compounds with various methods. Identification of an unknown compound is important to perform through the process of melting point (M.P), boiling point (B.P) and Infrared spectroscopy (I.R). Index of Hydrogen deficiency (IHD) and elemental analysis makes an experiment more efficient in determination of unknown compound. The color, odor, melting point and boiling point determines the physical state and properties of a compound. It also determines its volatility in respect to temperature. The functional group of a compound can be determined on a basis of a spectra formed by a NICOLET iS5 FT infrared spectrometer. The IR sample of a liquid is obtained on a pure liquid called a neat sample whereas solid sample was obtained with the help of an Attenuated total reflectance IR spectra. The index of hydrogen deficiency determines the saturation of a compound (double bonds, triple bonds or rings). Elemental analysis helps in determining the molecular formula of a compound.
The boiling point of an unknown liquid sample was determined with a mini scale technique. It consists of a heating mantle, a long narrow Pyrex text tube and heating stone. The thermometer is placed 2 cm above the level of liquid to get an accurate readings. Melting point of a sample was determined by electric melting point apparatus. The melting point of the crystalline solid is determined by heating the packed capillary tube until the solid melts. The accurate measure of melting point is obtained by heating at the rate of 1-2oC/min to ensure the heat is transferred to the sample rate as the temperature increases and the mercury in the thermometer and the sample in capillary tube are in thermal equilibrium. The boiling point and melting point of unknown compounds helps to confirm the
Methods and Background The main objective of this lab is to identify the given unknown organic compounds with various methods. Identification of an unknown compound is important to perform through the process of melting point (M.P), boiling point (B.P) and Infrared spectroscopy (I.R). Index of Hydrogen deficiency (IHD) and elemental analysis makes an experiment more efficient in determination of unknown compound. The color, odor, melting point and boiling point determines the physical state and properties of a compound. It also determines its volatility in respect to temperature. The functional group of a compound can be determined on a basis of a spectra formed by a NICOLET iS5 FT infrared spectrometer. The IR sample of a liquid is obtained on a pure liquid called a neat sample whereas solid sample was obtained with the help of an Attenuated total reflectance IR spectra. The index of hydrogen deficiency determines the saturation of a compound (double bonds, triple bonds or rings). Elemental analysis helps in determining the molecular formula of a compound.
The boiling point of an unknown liquid sample was determined with a mini scale technique. It consists of a heating mantle, a long narrow Pyrex text tube and heating stone. The thermometer is placed 2 cm above the level of liquid to get an accurate readings. Melting point of a sample was determined by electric melting point apparatus. The melting point of the crystalline solid is determined by heating the packed capillary tube until the solid melts. The accurate measure of melting point is obtained by heating at the rate of 1-2oC/min to ensure the heat is transferred to the sample rate as the temperature increases and the mercury in the thermometer and the sample in capillary tube are in thermal equilibrium. The boiling point and melting point of unknown compounds helps to confirm the