Egypt paper

Egypt is located in North Africa, bordering on the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Libya to the west, the Gaza Strip to the east, and Sudan to the south. Egypt's capital city, Cairo, is located in the north of the country. Alexandria is the second largest city and the second largest metropolitan area in Egypt after Cairo by size and population. The population in Egypt is 85,294,388 with 85-90% being Muslim, most Sunnis, and the remainder being Christian with a small fraction being Jewish. The standard language spoken by the population is modern standard Arabic. The government type is a republic and citizens can vote at the age of eighteen.
The more than 3000 year long history of ancient Egypt has been divided into 8 or 9 periods sometimes called “Kingdoms”. In the Early Dynastic period, writing evolved from a few simple signs mainly used to denote quantities of substances and their provenance, to a complex system of several hundreds of signs with both phonetic and ideographic values. Craftsmen increased their skills and experimented with the use of more durable materials. Structures built in brick, wood and reeds were copied in stone, giving birth to the typical ancient Egyptian architecture. The rise of urbanism led inhabitants of small settlements throughout the country to abandon their homes and moved to larger communities and cities.
In the Old Kingdom period the most remarkable change is the transition of Step Pyramids to 'true' pyramids with smooth surfaces. This change occurred due to the reason that the religious views also shifted from stellar to solar. The Step Pyramid symbolized a staircase to the stars. In contrast, the 'true' pyramid was considered as a solar symbol and as a representation from which all life had sprung. The building of pyramids would not have been possible without a flourishing economy and a strong central government provided by this period.
The fall of the Old Kingdom is often described as a period of chaos and disorder that lead