At the conclusion of 18th century, colonialism was uncommon and became a thing of the past. **Britain had lost its Thirteen Colonies in America, Spain and Portugal had lost most of South America and Holland was having difficulties holding onto the East Indies.…
Kushite religion was a combination of ancient Egyptian religious traditions and gods with traditional Nubian customs and beliefs. Archaeological evidence shows that ram cults held a great amount of importance for the Nubians prior to the Egyptian defeat. In order to validate their claim over Nubia, the Egyptians associated their god Amun with the Nubian ram cults. Centuries later, the Napatans reversed the roles and used Amun to claim superiority over Egypt. The ram-headed Amun was worshipped all over Nubia during the New Kingdom and Kushite periods. Amun, the god who granted kingship was deemed the most important in the Kushite pantheon, however, he was not the only Egyptian god worshipped. During the Meroitic period, local Nubian gods took their righteous place in the pantheon. Apedemak, the lion headed god of war was the most celebrated. Until the Meroitic language is deciphered, very little can be understood of their religion and gods other than that they were worshipped in a manner similar to those of Egypt, attended by priests in extravagant temples. Origin of the Kingdom of Kush’s Religion…
A driving force behind European imperialism in Africa is political power. In document A, a map is shown, showing the number of African colonies dominated by European countries. This shows Europe’s lust desire for power in Africa’s government because, the amount of land back then, meant the amount of political power one had of the African government.…
Winter 2013 – TR 6:00-7:20pm, McKenzie 214 – CRN 23274 Version 1.00, 7 Jan 2013 Professor: Dr. L. F. Braun Office: 311 McKenzie Hall Telephone: x6-4838 on-campus. Email: lfbraun@uoregon.edu Office hours: T 2:00-4:00pm & by appt. Overview and Objectives Africa is central to human history. It is the continent where our species arose, where some of the greatest ancient civilizations throve, and where dynamic, complex, and innovative cultures confronted a variety of social, political, and environmental challenges. Many African states and societies were materially wealthier than their European counterparts until the 1700s, and Africa has always been connected— however tenuously at times—to the wider world. Yet in the popular, Eurocentric historical imagination in the U.S. and Europe, there is sparse knowledge of Africa’s history, and it was rarely even considered a subject for historical study until the 1950s. For the period before European political dominion in Africa (c.1880-1960), this lack is even more pronounced. In this course we will explore the history of Africa between the 800s and the late 1800s, while at the same time discovering the…
In the years that followed the Berlin Conference (1884-1885) European nations divided and colonized Africa among themselves. This time period became to be known as the Scramble for Africa. It would be years until Africa freed itself of European domination. Yet in the time that the Scramble for Africa took place, European dominance was met with various reactions from the native people. Some natives unwillingly submitted, opposed to the idea of European domination, but left with no other choice. Other natives were willing to compromise, while the rest were preparing or already rebelling against the…
In some cases, colonists were ecstatic and praised the British with their protection of the colonies in their time of need, such example is of Reverend Thomas Barnard’s sermon, “Here shall our indulgent Mother, who has most generously rescued and protected us”, this shows that the some colonists had newly gained respect for the mother country. This opinion however, was not the majority view. With the signing of the Treaty of Paris, the British gained much land to the north and west (Doc. A). This land, that the colonies fought for was kept from them by Parliament with the proclamation of 1763. Not only were land restrictions imposed on the colonies but with the end of the war there was a great war debt. This meant that the British would have to implement taxes on the colonies in order to acquire the “large revenue“ (Doc. F). These taxes included the Sugar Act and the Stamp Act, which were two of the biggest taxes that would cause the relationship between the colonies and Britain to be…
The textbook definition of “industrialized” contains descriptors that emphasize its modern context, manipulating words such as ‘streamlined’ and ‘mechanized’. In relation to the Industrial Revolution, the same vein ethnocentrism, within the framework of an automated culture, surfaced. With the influence of this self-importance on imperialism in Africa, ideas of The White Man’s Burden and religious superiority as a justification of expansion, as well as political competitiveness in the form of barbaric tendencies, evolved and repressed the African people rapidly.…
There is much deliberation when deciding what the most important factor was for Britain and their determination for British influence and expansion in Africa. Although the trade routes to India were important there is still a vast range of other reasons to why Britain wanted to gain control in the North, South, East and west of Africa. These will be addressed and explored in the following paragraphs to assess the claim above.…
The topic I decided to do my Primary Source Portfolio on is the Slave Trade: The African Connection 1788. The Slave trade was between America and Africa the main crops that were around then and needed to be moved were cotton, sugar cane, and tobacco. This Slave trade was between America, Africa and the Europeans but like stated earlier mostly between America and Africa. During 1788 he slave trade reached the all-time high of the 18th century, an estimated of 80,000 slaves crossed the Atlantic over to slavery 40% Caribbean, 30% Brazil, 17% on Spanish America and only 6% in America. Most slaves during this time were captured as a prize or most common was they were kidnapped, most slaves were kidnapped of the coast. Within this document were…
Sometimes it was how the Europeans presented their colonization. In document one Europeans offered money to Africans for lands. This document, a drafted contract, showed that at least some were willing to cooperate with Europeans (Doc 1). Another African kingdom, Ethiopia, embraced European settlement because they shared religion in common. One of the only christian states in Africa, Ethiopia proposed their cooperation in European colonization if Europeans would grant them seaports (Doc 3). They felt confident enough to ask for land because they thought they were more similar to Europeans than other Africans in some aspects, like religion, which they hoped would overlook their race and skin tone. It would be informational to see a document accounting the reactions of previously aligned African countries if one of them sided with Europeans and the other did not. It could possible show if there was a feeling of betrayal amongst Africans as a whole, instead other the Africans vs Europeans view that is expressed through most of the documents. As shown, it was possible for Africans to react positively to European settlement but overall the reaction and actions were against…
Colonialism impacted most of the earth’s population for a good 100 years and the effects still linger today even after colonial rulers gave up control. Colonialism occurs when one nation's takes control of another. By 1800 europeans had colonized about 55 % of the earth’s surface; in 1878, 67%; and by 1914 about 85 %. Europeans saw east africa as a “Tabula Rasa, an almost untouched and sparsely inhabited country,” , even though it wasn't, they thought they could do anything they wanted (Doc.1). One of the most powerful countries that did this is Great Britain. many people said “The sun never sets on the British Empire,”. This was because of how powerful they were. one of the countries that were impacted by colonizations was kenya. Great…
During the 19th century, the role geography played in the European colonization of Africa encouraged European efforts to control the massive continent of Arica. This document based question can be split up into three groups of documents: hindered, encouraged, and ignored efforts. The Europeans came together and created a conference called the Berlin Conference in 1884 in order for them to split Africa and prevent disputes (Document J). This encouraged the European efforts to colonize Africa because of the massive size of the continent. The fact that it comes from a European point of view helps and encourages the positive advantages geography helps colonize Africa. This document can be grouped with L, B2, and B3 since they all show how it encourages…
After World War II, the people of Africa fought to end the effects of European imperialism in order to achieve political independence and reclaim African culture. However, tensions caused by artificial political boundaries established by European powers exacerbated preexisting tribal and religious divisions. The newly ‘freed’ African states were unstable and struggled to deal with these conflicts, often resulting in civil wars and genocide. During this struggle, Africa received very little support to help develop African economies or governments from the very countries who caused Africa’s weak infrastructure. 19th-century European imperialism was a major factor in causing the political weakness within African states, but the fact that the solution…
W. Rodney, Africa’s Contribution to the Capitalist Development of Europe: the colonial period (17 U.S. Code)…
Looking back to the beginning of the semester with little knowledge on the subject, students were assigned to read this article and respond to it. After taking this course, and getting materials from class, movies, discussions, the textbook, and historical novels it is now apparent that colonization had many more negatives than positives when it came to Africa. At first this may have seemed like a good idea, but it became quickly apparent that this would ultimately prove to have many negative effects on African countries. The colonies that invaded Africa showed to be only interested in money, with the exception of settler colonies that wished to live there and govern. . Many problems arose of this such as environmental effects, identity crises, and much violence brought upon Africa.…