vaccine
Through the history many contagious diseases had change the human life, because of this it was created one of the most effective ways to defend against the viral infection. Dr. Edward Jenner was the first person to introduce the idea of vaccinations in the year of 1796, with this idea he successfully prevented an English boy of getting smallpox.
The concept of vaccination was expanded trough the world by scientists such as Louis Pasteur, when large groups of soldiers were vaccinated in the I world war and in the II world war against tetanus, diphtheria and typhus. “Jenner's introduction of the smallpox vaccine may have had an even more significant impact in terms of lives saved” said Dr. Baker the director of the medicine history.
Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen. Vaccines can prevent or ameliorate morbidity from infection. The effectiveness of vaccination has been widely studied and verified; for example, the influenza vaccine,[1] the HPV vaccine,[2] and the chicken pox vaccine.[3] Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infectious diseases;[4] widespread immunity due to vaccination is largely responsible for the worldwide eradication of smallpox and the restriction of diseases such as polio, measles, and tetanus from much of the world.
The active agent of a vaccine may be intact but inactivated (non-infective) or attenuated (with reduced infectivity) forms of the causative pathogens, or purified components of the pathogen that have been found to be highly immunogenic (e.g., outer coat proteins of a virus). Toxoids are produced for immunization against toxin-based diseases, such as the modification of tetanospasmin toxin of tetanus to remove its toxic effect but retain its immunogenic effect.[5]
Smallpox was probably the first disease people tried to prevent by purposely inoculating themselves with other infections[6][7] and
The concept of vaccination was expanded trough the world by scientists such as Louis Pasteur, when large groups of soldiers were vaccinated in the I world war and in the II world war against tetanus, diphtheria and typhus. “Jenner's introduction of the smallpox vaccine may have had an even more significant impact in terms of lives saved” said Dr. Baker the director of the medicine history.
Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen. Vaccines can prevent or ameliorate morbidity from infection. The effectiveness of vaccination has been widely studied and verified; for example, the influenza vaccine,[1] the HPV vaccine,[2] and the chicken pox vaccine.[3] Vaccination is the most effective method of preventing infectious diseases;[4] widespread immunity due to vaccination is largely responsible for the worldwide eradication of smallpox and the restriction of diseases such as polio, measles, and tetanus from much of the world.
The active agent of a vaccine may be intact but inactivated (non-infective) or attenuated (with reduced infectivity) forms of the causative pathogens, or purified components of the pathogen that have been found to be highly immunogenic (e.g., outer coat proteins of a virus). Toxoids are produced for immunization against toxin-based diseases, such as the modification of tetanospasmin toxin of tetanus to remove its toxic effect but retain its immunogenic effect.[5]
Smallpox was probably the first disease people tried to prevent by purposely inoculating themselves with other infections[6][7] and