The Federative Republic: The Brazilian Government System
Brazil once inhabited by a large population of indigenous Indians dating around the 1500s. In same year of 1500 Pedro Cabral a Portuguese sailor managed to sail to far west that he stumbled upon on new the territory initially named Vera Cruz meaning “True Cross” but later changed to what we know today as modern Brazil. 1533 the Portuguese royal crown made its first efforts to establishing a government system. The system divided the colony into 15 captaincies; of those captaincies only two were successful and of those two Sao Vicente now present day Sao Paulo is one of Brazil’s largest cities. Portuguese settlers often took advantage of the Indian people exploiting them for slave labor eventually dwindling down their labor force due to European
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The Federative Republic consists of three branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch. The executive branch is the chief of state and head of government (Country Watch, 2011). The president appoints their own cabinet of ministers of states. Uses a variety of powers in economic and foreign policy, finances and internal security. Submit bills to congress with the request of legislative branch to approve within 30 days; if congress fails to comply the bill is considered passed (“Brazil”, 2012). Legislative branch is a bicameral national congress consisting of the Federal Senate and Chamber of Deputies (Country Watch, 2011). Constitution gives authority in federal fiscal policies to administration union. Authorizes the president to declare war, ratifies international treaties, and has 30 days to over rule a bill vetoed by the president with majority vote (“Brazil”, 2012”). Judicial branch legal system is established on Roman codes (Country Watch, 2011). The Supreme Federal Court is the highest court with appointed justices by the president and approved by the senate to serve until a mandatory retirement age of 75 years old (CIA World Factbook, 2016). Supreme Court hears cases involving members of government including from the president to diplomats. Established final rulings on constitutional matters; recently adopting amendment 45 in 2004 establishing Stare Decisis resulting in the high courts decisions to be binding precedents (“Brazil”, 2012). Lower courts include Federal Appeals Court, Superior Court of Justice, Superior Electoral Court, and Tribunal of the Union (CIA World Factbook,
The Federative Republic consists of three branches, Executive, Legislative, and Judicial branch. The executive branch is the chief of state and head of government (Country Watch, 2011). The president appoints their own cabinet of ministers of states. Uses a variety of powers in economic and foreign policy, finances and internal security. Submit bills to congress with the request of legislative branch to approve within 30 days; if congress fails to comply the bill is considered passed (“Brazil”, 2012). Legislative branch is a bicameral national congress consisting of the Federal Senate and Chamber of Deputies (Country Watch, 2011). Constitution gives authority in federal fiscal policies to administration union. Authorizes the president to declare war, ratifies international treaties, and has 30 days to over rule a bill vetoed by the president with majority vote (“Brazil”, 2012”). Judicial branch legal system is established on Roman codes (Country Watch, 2011). The Supreme Federal Court is the highest court with appointed justices by the president and approved by the senate to serve until a mandatory retirement age of 75 years old (CIA World Factbook, 2016). Supreme Court hears cases involving members of government including from the president to diplomats. Established final rulings on constitutional matters; recently adopting amendment 45 in 2004 establishing Stare Decisis resulting in the high courts decisions to be binding precedents (“Brazil”, 2012). Lower courts include Federal Appeals Court, Superior Court of Justice, Superior Electoral Court, and Tribunal of the Union (CIA World Factbook,