(4 marks) Suggest three practical and/or organisational factors that “play a part in shaping [the] output” of media organisations (Item 3A, line 12). (6 marks) Identify and briefly explain two criticisms of the “manipulative model” of mass media output (Item 3A, line 1). (8 marks) Examine reasons why the mass media may exert only a limited influence over their audiences. (20 marks) Using material from Item 3B and elsewhere, assess sociological explanations of the ways in which the mass media portray gender and social class. (20 marks) END OF…
2. Croteau, D & Hoynes, W (2003). Media Society: Industries, Images and Audiences ((third edition) ed.). Thousand Oaks: Pine Forge Press. pp. 305–307.…
There is no doubt that the mass media is omnipresent, mediating every aspect of our lives. How one relates to and interprets the world is largely colored by how the media informs us. In the world today, media has become as necessary as food and clothing. It is considered as the “mirror” of the modern society. It informs people about current affairs and entertains through the latest gossip and fashion. The role of media has become one way of trading and marketing of products and prejudice. Communities and individuals are bombarded constantly with messages from a multitude of sources including TV, billboard and magazines, to name a few. These messages promote not only products but moods, attitudes and a sense of what is and is not important. Mass media makes possible the concept of celebrity: without the ability of movies, magazines, music and news media to reach across thousands of miles, people could not become famous. (Chandler 2000) emphasizes the role of mass media in the reproduction of status quo.…
Now this statement could be talked about from a broader perspective involving the other many paradigms of today’s media influence such as with deception, disinformation, deliberate spin offs and manipulation of the human consciousness, or media’s influence on a cultural or religious group or regarding a specific problem such as violence portrayed by the media, influence of media on body image or promotion of harmful or useless products, but our goal is to understand the media and why its influential and to what scale it can be under regulation from an ethical and lawful standpoint.…
Popular culture is the ‘quantity over quality’ result of a society’s generational interests. Trevor Dunn, an American musician once said “Pop culture is not about depth. It’s about marketing, supply and demand, consumerism.” Pop culture defines the extremes of real culture; we want to see and hear and feel things that push the norms and limitations of everyday life. America has become desensitized to the violence, the scandal, and the oversaturated reality of popular media. It’s important to remember that society only follows popular culture; it’s merely the creation of the few rich, selfish individuals who put it on for us to mindlessly enjoy.…
At the heart of understanding the media and its influence on society, one must set out to investigate the…
Stuart Hall, a cultural theorist and sociologist from the United Kingdom, suggests that humanity should simply not just study the theme of culture, but also view it as a primary source of social interactions (Proctor 16). Because culture is a site of an ongoing struggle of power between different ethnic groups, what Hall is suggesting is that, one should only study it with the mindset of exposing each and every one its negative consequences on humanity. According to Hall, in American culture, the mass media industry is one of the main…
The media is subtle in its approach and yet so sublime in its execution that today it is the media that decides who is a hero and who is a foe. Because of its speed and interactivity today people use media to give meaning to the world objects and make perceptions about various phenomena. Media has the power of accentuating paltry issues and making them appear ever more significant to the masses. The stark imprints of media penetrate into our minds and shape our thoughts and behaviors and this is ultimately reflected in the society. This entire process along with its affects on the society is known as “popular culture” today (McKenzie 96).…
The media has a very influential power over people within society. As a collective we are constantly internalising a large influx of media all around as. This sort of media includes television, magazines, the internet, television and social media. Particularly in this postmodern era we are more than ever internalising media and its information because of its normalisation and use of it in everyday life (Gaunlett, 2008) . The media is a production of consumerism; this has been so since the industrial revolution. Consumerism intends for us to buy products that we see in the media. So the media depicts what we think we want to see which creates our identities or a perception of what and who we want to be (Gaunlett, 2008). According to Anthony Giddens, information and ideas in the media do not just reflect the social world but also contribute to its shape (Gaunlett, 2008). He also states that the media mirrors social expectations creating social reproduction (Gaunlett, 2008). The following essay will…
Popular culture has become an interesting topic for society, although it’s concept is diverse depending on the context where it is placed, we can understand it by its many definitions as "any cultural product that has a mass audience", but also as “commercial products reflecting, suited to, or aimed at the tastes of the general masses of people” (Zeisler A, 2008) (Dictionary, 2017). We might wonder why it is relevant and why people would care about studying it, nevertheless the answer relies on the concept itself: everything that suits for a mass audience comprises interests and values that a culture holds.…
Campbell, R., Martin, C., & Fabos, B. (2010). Media and culture: An introduction to mass communications (7th ed.). Boston, MA: Bedford/St. Martin’s.…
Once people’s minds are corrupted by media, all sorts of bad long-term consequences result – not only bringing ruin to individual lives, but also creating social problems on a vast scale (Marcuse, 1941)…
Gurevtich, M., Bennett, T., Curran, J., and Woollacott, J., (eds.), Culture, Society and the Media, Methuen, London, 1982.…
There are a wide variety of conflicting views of the role of the mass media in society. There are two dominant views, the pluralist and Marxist theories of mass media, which shall be evaluated in depth during the course of this essay.…
What theorists say about their theory and how it relates to mass media – only 1 theorist…