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Modreformation

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Modreformation
Hvorledes kan ”modreformationen” og ”inkvisitionen” difineres?
Modreformationen
Modreformationen er den bevægelse der fra 1545-1600 blev iværksat af Den romersk-katolske kirke som et modstykke til reformationen. Begrebet er normalt brugt af protestanter, mens Katolikker omtaler bevægelsen som ”Den katolske reform”.
I 1500 og 1600 tallet var der stor religiøs strid mellem katolikker og protestanter i Europa. Striden var så omfattende at den også havde indflydelse på tidens videnskabsmænd. Derfor også for Galileo Galilei, fordi den katolske kirke holdt skarpt øje med videnskablige opdagelser.
Striden begyndte for alvor i 1517 hvor den tyske munk Martin Luther indledte et opgør med den katolske kirke. Den katolske kirke havde siden 389 været den førende religion i europa og derfor den instution der bandt det europæriske kontinent sammen. I middelalderen styrede den katolske tro grundlaget for europæernes daglige liv. Selv i starten af 1500 tallet var folks liv stadig centreret rundt om den lokale præst og landsbykirke, men på grund af Luther endte det i midten af 1500 tallet med at reformationen splittede den fælles europæiske kirke i to. Luther kritiserede den katolske kirke for at bruge sin enorme magt til at tjene penge på, og på baggrund af Luthers tanker blev der oprettet nye protestantiske kirker. England, Skandinavien, dele af Frankrig, de tyske fyrste dømmer og Nederlandende blev protestantiske, og disse steder overtog fyrster kirkens gods og rigdomme. I spanien og den italienske halvø stod den kristen katolske tro stadig stærkt.
Mange ansatte i den katolske kirke ønskede at gøre noget ved Luthers og protestanters kritik, men begyndte dog først at gøre noget ved det i 1545, hvor den katolske kirke svarede på kritikken og formulerede hvad dens kristendom stod for. Hermed startede katolikkerne deres reaktion på reformationen. Nemlig modreformationen.

Inkvisitionen
Kirken gik hårdt imod de personer der ikke adlød Vatikanet i Rom, og deres våben mod

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