Preview

kuwait beta MEFE Eurojournal

Good Essays
Open Document
Open Document
4503 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
kuwait beta MEFE Eurojournal
Middle Eastern Finance and Economics
ISSN: 1450-2889 Issue 6 (2010)
© EuroJournals Publishing, Inc. 2010 http://www.eurojournals.com/MEFE.htm Exploring Stability of Systematic Risk: Sectoral Portfolio
Analysis
Ibrahim A.Onour
Arab Planning Institute, Kuwait
E-mail: onour@api.org.kw or ibonour@hotmail.com
Abstracts
Results in this paper support evidence of time-varying systematic risk (beta coefficients) for five sectors, their securities are traded in Kuwait Stock Market. The paper indicates banks, and real estate sectors exhibit relatively wider range of systematic risk variation compared to the other sectors. As higher volatility in risk factor imply additional difficulty in managing and controlling risk, then wider range of systematic risk imply more exposure to risk. This new interpretation of risk evaluation adds a new element to risk assessment tools, since the standard CAPM approach views risk as high or low depending on whether it is greater or lower than the market beta, which is a unit.
Keywords: Systematic risk; Beta; CAPM; GARCH ;Volatility; Asymmetry
JEL Classification Codes: C10, C50, G10

1. Introduction
How should a rational investor measure the risk of stock market investments? The search for an answer to this question became the major task in financial economics and that led to the development of the
Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) which became the centre piece in modern finance textbooks. The
CAPM decomposes risk valuation into risk size (risk premium) and risk price (beta1). According to
CAPM the required rate of return on a company’s stock (or the cost of equity capital) depends on three components among which the stock’s equity beta which measures the risk of company’s stock relative to the market risk; or putting it differently, the risk each dollar invested in equity i contributes to the market portfolio. CAPM predicts that low beta stocks should offer low stock returns and higher beta stocks should offer higher stock returns. This



References: Diebold, F., and Mariano, R., (1995) “Comparing Predictive Accuracy” Journal of Business and Economic Statistics, Vol.13, No.3, pp Engle, R., and Ng, V., (1993) “Measuring and Testing The Impact of News on Volatility” The Journal of Finance, Vol.48, pp Hansen, B., (1994) “Autoregressive Conditional Density Estimation” International Economic Review, Vol Harvey, C., and Siddique, A., (1999) “Autoregressive Conditional Skewness” Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis, Vol.34, pp.465-487. Glosten, L., Jagannathan, R., and Runckle, D., (1993) “On the Relation Between The Expected Value and the Volatility of the Nominal Excess Return on Stocks” Journal of Finance, Vol.48, pp. 1779-1802. Faff, R., Hillier, D., and Hillier, J., (2000) “Time Varying Beta Risk: An Analysis of Alternative Modelling Techniques” Journal of Business Finance and Accounting, Vol.27, Fama, E., and French, K., (1992) “The Cross-Section of Expected Stock Returns” Journal of Finance, Vol.47, No.2, pp.427-465. Fama, E., and French, K., (1993) “Common Risk Factors in the Returns on Stocks and Bonds” Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.33, No.1, pp.3-56. Fama, E., and French, K., (1995) “Size and Book-to-Market Factors in Earnings and Returns” Journal of Finance, Vol Fama, E., and French, K., (1996) “Multifactor Explanations of Asset Pricing Anomalies” Journal of Finance, Vol Fama, E., and French, K., (1997) “Industry Costs of Equity” Journal of Financial Economics, Vol.43, No.2, pp.153-193. Jondeau, E., and Rockinger, M., (2000) “Conditional Volatility, Skewness and Kurtosis: Existence and Persistence” Working Paper, HEC School of Management. Kanwer, A., (2006) “Exploring Time Variation in Betas in Pakistan” Manuscript, International Middle East Economic Association Conference, Dubai, UAE Lie, F., Brooks, R., and Faff, R., (2000) “Modelling the Equity Beta Risk of Australlian Financial Sector Companies” Australian Economic Papers, Vol.39, pp.301-311. McKenzie, M., Brooks R., and Faff, R. and Ho Y. (2000) “Exploring the Economic Rationale of Extremes in GARCH Generated Betas: The Case of U.S., Banks.” The Quarterly Review of Moonis, S., Shah, A. (2003) “Testing for Time Variation in Beta in India” Journal of Emerging Markets Finance, Vol.2, No.2, pp.163-180. Patton, A., (2004) “On the Out-of-Sample Importance of Skewness and Asymmetric Dependence for Asset Collection” Journal of Financial Econometrics, Vol.2, No.1, pp Yu, J., (2002) “Forecasting Volatility in The New Zealand Stock Market” Applied Financial Economics, Vol.12, pp.193-202. Whister, D., and White, K., (2004): Shazam Software, and Users Reference Manual, Version 10, Northwest Econometrics Ltd. Zakoian, J., and Rabemananjara, R.,(1993) “Threshold ARCH Models and Asymmetries in Volatility” Journal of Applied Econometrics, Vol Middle Eastern Finance and Economics - Issue 6 (2010) 14

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Better Essays

    The relationship between risk and expected return is first described by the capital asset pricing model (CAPM), which links expected return to a…

    • 1529 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    econ 4140

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages

    This course is an introduction to financial econometrics. Background knowledge of finance is not required. The objective of the course is to explain, in simple terms, the use of selected statistical methods and econometric models in finance. The content of the course includes simple static and dynamic models of financial returns, elements of portfolio theory, the CAPM regression model, elements of option pricing, the Value-at-Risk (VaR), and the ARCH model.…

    • 555 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Good Essays

    Finance 301 Exam 2

    • 1191 Words
    • 4 Pages

    3. CAPM is equal to the cost of capital, which provides a usable measure of risk for the investor and their investment. It let’s investors know if they will get the return they deserve prior to making any decisions. Also, the higher the risk the higher a return could be.…

    • 1191 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Friend, Irwin; Westerfield, Randolph; Granito, Michael. New Evidence On The Capital Asset Pricing Model. Journal of Finance, June 1978, Vol. 33 Issue 3, p903-917, 15p.…

    • 1780 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    FINC5001_Major_Assignment

    • 679 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Fama, E., and French, K. 2004, ‘The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Theory and Evidence’. The Journal of Economic Perspectives, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 25-46.…

    • 679 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Better Essays

    “Since investment returns reflects the degree of risk involved with the investment, investors need to be able to determine how much of a return is appropriate for a given level of risk.”(Importance of risk relationship, 2001). In other words the risk for investment returns needs to be determined before the investment is carried out so that the investor knows what level of risk they are at. This process is called “pricing the risk". The price of risk is defined as the measure of risk quantified to determine how much risk is appropriate to bear for the investment. (Importance of risk relationship, 2001).…

    • 1678 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Better Essays

    McClure, B. (2010, November 24). The capital asset pricing model: An overview. Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/articles/06/CAPM.asp…

    • 1214 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Nike Memo

    • 278 Words
    • 2 Pages

    CAPM as opposed to the Dividend Discount Model and Earnings Capitalization Ratio, was the appropriate approach to valuing the cost of equity because it more adequately equates for the companies risk and time value of money. The dividend discount model fails to take into account the companies riskiness, and the Earnings Capitalization ratio is too reliant on the company’s debt.…

    • 278 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    CAPM results can be compared to the best expected rate of return that investor can possibly earn in other investments with similar risks, which is the cost of capital. Under the CAPM, the market portfolio is a well-diversified, efficient portfolio representing the non-diversifiable risk in the economy. Therefore, investments have similar risk if they have the same sensitivity to market risk, as measured by their beta with the market portfolio.…

    • 1337 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Satisfactory Essays

    Dimson, E., P. Marsh, and M. Staunton, 2011b, The Dimson-MarshStaunton Global Investment Returns Database (the “DMS Database”),…

    • 8704 Words
    • 35 Pages
    Satisfactory Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    References: 1. Eugene F. Fama and Kenneth R. French, January 2004, “The Capital Asset Pricing Model: Theory and Evidence”;…

    • 1445 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) is an equilibrium model that underlies all modern financial theory. It predicts the required rate of return of a security based on its risk, as measured by beta, and makes use of various simplifying assumptions. Hence, equilibrium condition would evolve with all investors choose to hold the same portfolio for risky assets, the “market” portfolio. However, following Fama and French’s study in 1992, numerous studies have suggested that beta is not sufficient in accounting for risk and recommend the inclusion of other variables. Most notably, Fama and French (1996) noted that stocks of smaller firms and stocks of firms with a higher book-to-market ratio have had higher stock returns than predicted by single factor models, and thus proposed a three-factor model that adds on firm size and book-to-market ratio to the market index.…

    • 1796 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    King, M., Sentana, E., Wadhwani, S., 1994. Volatility and links between national stock markets. Econometrica 62, 901–933.…

    • 14161 Words
    • 86 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Chen, N., R. Roll, and S. A. Ross 1986. Economic forces and the stock market. Journal of Business 59: 383-403. Cochrane, J. H. 1991. Volatility tests and efficient markets: A Review Essay. Journal of Monetary Economics 127: 463-485. Cochrane, John H. 2001. Asset Pricing. Princeton, N. J.: Princeton University Press. Elton, E. J. and Gruber, M. J. 1995. Modern Portfolio Theory and Investment Analysis. 5th edition, New York: John: Wiley & Sons, Inc. Fama, E. and K. French. 1992. The cross-section of expected stock returns Journal of Finance 47: 427-465. Fama, E. and K. French. 1993. Common risk factors in the returns on stocks and bonds. Journal of Financial Economics 33: 3-56 Fama, E. F. 1976. Foundations of Finance. New York: Basic Books. Fama, E. F. and MacBeth, J. 1973. Risk, return and equilibrium: Empirical tests. Journal of Political Economy 81: 607-636. Fama, E. F., 1991. Efficient Capital Markets II. Journal of Finance 46: 1575-1617. Gibbons, M. R., S. A. Ross, and J. Shanken. 1989. A test of the efficiency of a given portfolio. Econometrica 57: 1121-1152. Graham, J. R., Harvey, C. R. 2001. The theory and practice of corporate finance: Evidence from the field, Journal of Financial Economics 60: 187-243. Greene, William H. Econometric Analysis. 4th Edition, London: Prentice Hall. Hamilton, James D. 1994. Time Series Analysis. Princeton University Press, Princeton Jagannathan, R. and McGratten, E. R. 1995. The CAPM Debate. Quarterly Review of the Federal Reserve Bank of Minneapolis 19: 2-17. Jagannathan, R. and Wang, Z. 1996. The conditional CAPM and the cross-section of expected returns. Journal of Finance 51: 3-53.…

    • 6730 Words
    • 27 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Market Anomalies

    • 6471 Words
    • 31 Pages

    3. Ariel, R. A. (May 1, 2002). "A Monthly Effect in Stock Returns." Journal of Financial Economics, 18(1),…

    • 6471 Words
    • 31 Pages
    Powerful Essays