Ip3 Crime Causation
Unit 3
Crime Causation
CRJS105-1201A-03
By
Erika.Esquer1
1/22/2012
American InterContinental University Online
Abstract
This essay will focus on sociological theories of crime and their description, the strengths and weaknesses of each; sociological control theory, strain theory, differential association theory and neutralization theory. This essay will also focus on Rajartnam who was convicted for inside trading in 2011.
Introduction
A different approach to criminological theory was taken in the 1960’s although; it was a derivative of older theories. The labeling theory wanted to know questions about crime and the criminal’s from a new aspect disputing earlier definitions of deviance (Williams & McShane, Criminological Theory, 2010).
According to (Griswold, Roberts, & Wiatrowski, 1981; Taylor, 2001) the social control theory recognizes that people are irresponsible and careless and that institutional socialization and social learning can imbue self control over instinct (Criminology: Social Control Theory [long] – Zoklet.net).
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Social Control Theory
There are four major factors in the social control theory which are’ attachment, commitment, involvement and belief (Griswold, Roberts, & Wiatkowski, 1981). Attachments are formed through bonds with people, such as families and friends. Another major factor is Commitment. In the criminological context is hope of a person to life goals. In these times this would mean a good education and a good job to support oneself. The third major element is Involvement. Involvement means a person’s participation in community functions leading to socially valued success and status objectives. The fourth and final major factor is Belief. Belief is acknowledgement of the moral foundation of the social value system. (Criminology: Social Control Theory [long] – Zoklet.net).
The strength of attachment means if a person lives in a community and takes part in the community activities, harming the
Crime Causation
CRJS105-1201A-03
By
Erika.Esquer1
1/22/2012
American InterContinental University Online
Abstract
This essay will focus on sociological theories of crime and their description, the strengths and weaknesses of each; sociological control theory, strain theory, differential association theory and neutralization theory. This essay will also focus on Rajartnam who was convicted for inside trading in 2011.
Introduction
A different approach to criminological theory was taken in the 1960’s although; it was a derivative of older theories. The labeling theory wanted to know questions about crime and the criminal’s from a new aspect disputing earlier definitions of deviance (Williams & McShane, Criminological Theory, 2010).
According to (Griswold, Roberts, & Wiatrowski, 1981; Taylor, 2001) the social control theory recognizes that people are irresponsible and careless and that institutional socialization and social learning can imbue self control over instinct (Criminology: Social Control Theory [long] – Zoklet.net).
+
Social Control Theory
There are four major factors in the social control theory which are’ attachment, commitment, involvement and belief (Griswold, Roberts, & Wiatkowski, 1981). Attachments are formed through bonds with people, such as families and friends. Another major factor is Commitment. In the criminological context is hope of a person to life goals. In these times this would mean a good education and a good job to support oneself. The third major element is Involvement. Involvement means a person’s participation in community functions leading to socially valued success and status objectives. The fourth and final major factor is Belief. Belief is acknowledgement of the moral foundation of the social value system. (Criminology: Social Control Theory [long] – Zoklet.net).
The strength of attachment means if a person lives in a community and takes part in the community activities, harming the
References: Criminology: Social Control Theory [long] – Zoklet.net, Retrieved on 1/21/2012 from http://www.zoklet.net/bbs/showthread.php?t=36303 Differential Association Theory, Retrieved on 1/21/2012 from http://www.d.umn.edu/~jhamlin1/sutherland.html Learning Theory, Retrieved on 1/20/2011 from https://www.criminology,fsu.edu/crimtheory/learning.ht Mehta, Suketu, (Oct. 23, 2011) The Outsider; Newsweek Magazine, Retrieved on 1/21/2012 from http://www.thedailybeast.com/newsweek/2011/10/23/exclusive-raj-rajaratnam-reveals-why-he-didn-t-take-a-plea.html Sociological Theories to Explain Deviance, Retrieved on 1/20/12 from http://www.valdosta.edu/~klowney/devtheories.htm Sykes & Matza: Techniques of Neutralization & Drift, Retrieved on 1/22/12 from http://www.comcast.net/~ddmelo/crime/sykes_matza.html The Crime and Deviance Channel, Retrieved on 1/20/12 from http://www.sociology.org.uk/cc_text/cc_updates_strainspl.pdf Williams, P., Frank III & McShane, D., Marilyn, (2010) Criminological Theory (5th Ed.) Published Prentice Hall, copyright © 2010, by Pearson Education, Inc.