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Characters
1) Types of Characters:
Protagonist (hero): the central figure with whom we usually sympathize or identify
Antagonist (villain): the figure who opposes the protagonist and creates the conflict
Foil Character: the figure whose personality traits are the opposite of the main character’s. This is a supporting character and usually made to shine the protagonist.
2) The ways characters are portrayed:(varnan )
Flat Characters (stock, static characters or stereotypes): they have no depth and no change; we only see one side or aspect of them. Most supporting characters are portrayed in this way, for example, a strict teacher, a helpful policeman, and an evil stepmother.
Round Characters (dynamic character): they have more fully developed personalities. We expect the protagonists and antagonists to be rounded individuals who express a range of emotion and change throughout the narrative, usually toward greater maturity.
3) The ways characters are revealed:
What the narrator says about the character
What the other characters say about the character
What the character says about himself or herself
What the character actually does Setting
1) The setting refers to the time, the geographical locations, and the general environment and circumstances(halaat) that prevail(prachalit) in a narrative. The setting helps to establish the mood of a story. 2) Two types of setting:
Integral Setting: the setting is fully described in both time and place, usually found in historical fiction.
Backdrop Setting: the setting is vague and general, which helps to convey a universal, timeless tale. This type of setting is often found in folktales and simply sets the stage and the mood. For example, "long ago in a cottage in the deep woods" and "once upon a time there was a great land that had an Emperor." Narrative Point of View
Internal Narrator (First-person Narrator; the narrator uses "I" to refer to himself/herself): the narrator is a character in

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