Ergonomic
Applied Ergonomics xxx (2012) 1e11
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Applied Ergonomics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apergo
Ergonomics issues in national identity card for homeland security
Paul H.P. Yeow a, *, Y.Y. Yuen b,1, W.H. Loo c, 2 a School of Business, Monash University, Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, 46150 Selangor, Malaysia Faculty of Business and Law, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh Lama, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia c Putra International College, Lot 1838, Mukim Bukit Katil, Ayer Keroh, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia b a r t i c l e i n f o
Article history: Received 7 March 2011 Accepted 26 April 2012 Keywords: National identity card Terrorism User acceptance
a b s t r a c t
Ever since the 9/11 terrorist attack, many countries are considering the use of smart national identity card (SNIC) which has the ability to identify terrorists due to its biometric verification function. However, there are many ergonomics issues in the use of SNIC, e.g. card credibility. This research presents a case study survey of Malaysian users. Although most citizens (>96%) own MyKad (Malaysia SNIC), many do not carry it around and use its applications. This defeats one of its main purposes, i.e. combating terrorism. Thus, the research investigates ergonomics issues affecting the citizens’ Intention to Use (ITU) MyKad for homeland security by using an extended technology acceptance model. Five hundred questionnaires were collected and analysed using structural equation modelling. Results show that perceived credibility and performance expectancy are the key issues. The findings provide many countries with insights into methods of addressing ergonomics issues and increasing adoption of SNIC for homeland security. Ó 2012 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction “In the 19th century, it was sufficient to ask who you are. In the 20th century, it was sufficient
Contents lists available at SciVerse ScienceDirect
Applied Ergonomics journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/apergo
Ergonomics issues in national identity card for homeland security
Paul H.P. Yeow a, *, Y.Y. Yuen b,1, W.H. Loo c, 2 a School of Business, Monash University, Sunway Campus, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, Petaling Jaya, 46150 Selangor, Malaysia Faculty of Business and Law, Multimedia University, Jalan Ayer Keroh Lama, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia c Putra International College, Lot 1838, Mukim Bukit Katil, Ayer Keroh, 75450 Melaka, Malaysia b a r t i c l e i n f o
Article history: Received 7 March 2011 Accepted 26 April 2012 Keywords: National identity card Terrorism User acceptance
a b s t r a c t
Ever since the 9/11 terrorist attack, many countries are considering the use of smart national identity card (SNIC) which has the ability to identify terrorists due to its biometric verification function. However, there are many ergonomics issues in the use of SNIC, e.g. card credibility. This research presents a case study survey of Malaysian users. Although most citizens (>96%) own MyKad (Malaysia SNIC), many do not carry it around and use its applications. This defeats one of its main purposes, i.e. combating terrorism. Thus, the research investigates ergonomics issues affecting the citizens’ Intention to Use (ITU) MyKad for homeland security by using an extended technology acceptance model. Five hundred questionnaires were collected and analysed using structural equation modelling. Results show that perceived credibility and performance expectancy are the key issues. The findings provide many countries with insights into methods of addressing ergonomics issues and increasing adoption of SNIC for homeland security. Ó 2012 Elsevier Ltd and The Ergonomics Society. All rights reserved.
1. Introduction “In the 19th century, it was sufficient to ask who you are. In the 20th century, it was sufficient