Climate Change
Abstract Global warming is defined as a serious phenomenon recently and also it will impact the human health. The impact of the global warming on infectious diseases has been highlighted in this paper. The infectious diseases have been emphasized in two major classifications which are the water and the foodborne infectious diseases as well as the vector borne infectious diseases. Even if the global warming is not easy to solve, there are some methods should be taken to mitigate this phenomenon. The study has shown that the global warming has various negative effects on human health including infectious diseases.
Keywords: global warming, infectious disease, waterborne infection, vector borne infection
1. Introduction As Khasnis & Nettleman’s (2005) study stated the following:
The concept of global warming requires a basic understanding of the greenhouse effect. Solar radiation passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed at the Earth’s surface. This heat is lost from the earth’s surface as infrared radiation. The infrared radiation cannot escape the atmosphere as easily as the solar radiation enters. Some of it is trapped by a number of gases which act similar to the glass in a greenhouse—heat can enter but cannot exit—resulting in the Greenhouse Effect. (p. 690)
As everyone knows that global warming is defined as the increase of the average temperature on Earth. The temperature on Earth will rise significantly when heat from the sun is trapped in Earth’s atmosphere. It is also known as the main reason that causes damages to the ozone layer. Besides that, natural disasters, such as hurricanes; droughts; and floods, are becoming more frequent. The temperature at the Earth 's Poles is also rising rapidly. The major factors leading to global warming are greenhouse effects and deforestations. In the past years, the impacts of global warming were not noticed or taken seriously by the public because the situation was not widespread and serious. In the recent years,
Keywords: global warming, infectious disease, waterborne infection, vector borne infection
1. Introduction As Khasnis & Nettleman’s (2005) study stated the following:
The concept of global warming requires a basic understanding of the greenhouse effect. Solar radiation passes through the atmosphere and is absorbed at the Earth’s surface. This heat is lost from the earth’s surface as infrared radiation. The infrared radiation cannot escape the atmosphere as easily as the solar radiation enters. Some of it is trapped by a number of gases which act similar to the glass in a greenhouse—heat can enter but cannot exit—resulting in the Greenhouse Effect. (p. 690)
As everyone knows that global warming is defined as the increase of the average temperature on Earth. The temperature on Earth will rise significantly when heat from the sun is trapped in Earth’s atmosphere. It is also known as the main reason that causes damages to the ozone layer. Besides that, natural disasters, such as hurricanes; droughts; and floods, are becoming more frequent. The temperature at the Earth 's Poles is also rising rapidly. The major factors leading to global warming are greenhouse effects and deforestations. In the past years, the impacts of global warming were not noticed or taken seriously by the public because the situation was not widespread and serious. In the recent years,
References: Epstein, P. R. (2001). Climate change and emerging infectious diseases. Microbes and Infection, 3(9), 747-754. doi: 10.1016/S1286-4579(01)01429-0 Khasnis, A. A., & Nettleman, M. D. (2005). Global Warming and Infectious Disease. Archives Of Medical Research, 36(6), 689-696. doi:10.1016/j.arcmed.2005.03.041 Kiska, Deanna L. (2000). Global climate change: An infectious disease perspective. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 22(11), 81-86. doi: 10.1016/S0196-4399(00)89057-1 Kurane, I. (2010). The effect of the global warming on infectious diseases. Public Health Res Perspect 2010 1(1), 4-9. doi: 10.1016/j.phrp.2010.12.004 Lipp, E. K., Huq, A. & Colwell, R. R. (2002). Effects of global climate on infectious disease: the cholera model. Clinical microbiology reviews, 15(4), 757 – 770. Loaiciga, H. A., Valdes, J. B., Vogel, R., Garvey, J. & Schwarz, H. (1996). Global warming and the hydrologic cycle. Journal of Hydrology, 174(1), 83 – 127. Shuman, E. K. (2011). Global Climate Change and Infectious Diseases. International Journal Of Occupational & Environmental Medicine, 2(1), 11-19. Singh, P. K. & Dhiman, R. C. (2012). Climate change and human health: Indian context. Weber, C. J. (2010). Update on global climate change. Urologic Nursing, 30(1), 81-4.