chordates and vertebrates lab

Chordates and Vertebrates Lab
Introduction/Background:

In this lab students are learning all about chordates and vertebrates and will be viewing examples of them as well. The examples to be viewed in the lab are Tunicates, Lancelets, Lampreys, Rays, a Dogfish shark, a Perch, Catfish, Eels, Toads, Frogs, Lizards, Snakes, Roadrunner (foot), Barn owl (wing), Cotton tail rabbit , and an Opossum. The different types of chordates/vertebrates discussed in this lab are the urochordata, cephalochordate, craniates, gnathostomes, chondrichthyes, actinopterygii, tetrapods, amphibian, amniote, reptilian and aves, and mammals. Students are going to learn how to differentiate the different organisms and the characteristics that make them unique!

Hypothesis:

This is an observational lab. No hypothesis is necessary.

Objectives:

The objective of this lab is to observe all of the provided chordates and vertebrates and describe them in the lab including a picture. Students are to know and understand the characteristics of each group and what makes them unique.

Materials:

1. Lab resource
2. Lab book
3. Pen
4. Research method (book, computer, etc.)
5. Lab specimen
a. Tunicates
b. Lancelets
c. Lampreys
d. Rays
e. Dogfish shark
f. Perch
g. Catfish
h. Eels
i. Toads
j. Frogs
k. Lizards
l. Snakes
m. Roadrunner (foot)
n. Barn owl (wing)
o. Cotton tail rabbit
p. Opossum
6. Gloves (if there is a desire to handle the organisms)
Procedures/Methods: For each organism, find and draw a representative image. Each organism may include prepared slides as well as specimens, or students may need to find them on the internet. Provide descriptive notes for each organism and address any questions asked in detail using complete sentences. List all references.

Results:

1. Urochordata –Tunicates
a. Molgula – preserved

i. What is the function of the two knobs/protrusions?

The function of the two knobs/ protrusions are the incurrent and excurrent siphons. These creatures are suspension

References: List all references used in APA format. Carol, R. L. “The Origin of Reptiles.” In Origins of the Higher Groups of Tetrapods” Controversy and Consensus, edited by H. P. Schultze and L. Trueb. Ithaca, NY: Comstock, 1991. "Morphology of the Vertebrates". University of California Museum of Paleontology. Retrieved 2008-09-23 Nelson, J. S. (2006). Fishes of the World (4th ed.). New York: John Wiley and Sons, Inc. pp. 601 pp. ISBN 0-471-25031-7. Personal Communication. Dr. Bledsoe. November 5, 2014. Rychel, A.L., Smith, S.E., Shimamoto, H.T., and Swalla, B.J. (2006). "Evolution and Development of the Chordates: Collagen and Pharyngeal Cartilage". Molecular Biology and Evolution 23 (3): 541–549. Shu, D-G., Conway Morris, S., and Han, J (January 2003). "Head and backbone of the Early Cambrian vertebrate Haikouichthys". Nature 421 (6922): 526–529. swim bladder. (2014). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/577044/swim-bladder tunicate. (2014). In Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved from http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/609172/tunicate/49484/External-features