1984: Oppression of Truth

In the novel 1984, Orwell produced a social critique on totalitarianism and a future dystopia that made the world pause and think about our past, present and future. When reading this novel we all must take the time to think of the possibility that Orwell 's world could come to pass. Orwell presents the concepts of power, marginalization, and resistance through physical, psychological, sexual and political control of the people of Oceania. The reader experiences the emotional ride through the eyes of Winston Smith, who was born into the oppressive life under the rule of Ingsoc. Readers are encouraged through Winston to adopt a negative opinion on the idea of communist rule and the inherent dangers of totalitarianism. The psychological manipulation and physical control are explored through Winston 's journey, and with Winston 's resistance and ultimate downfall, the reader is able to fully appreciate O 'Briens reasoning, "Power is not a means, it is an end." I believe that the oppression of the people in Oceania had to begin at birth because of the ingrained motivations. Winston tries to find someone that will remember the old ways of life before Ingsoc took over the government. My belief in this oppression means children were very important to the government, these children are brainwashed by their educators to believe that Big Brother is number one, and no one else can compare to him. These children are very nasty in their following of Big Brother. This infrastructure encourages the child to seek out enemies of Big brother whilst cementing their position in society, often whilst betraying their own blood; "It was almost normal for people over thirty to be frightened of their own children" (Orwell, 24). The government had no fear of these children because they were raising them exactly the way that they wanted them to be. The psychological oppression comes from the surveillance used in their everyday lives. The main version of this surveillance is through the telescreen that is stationed in every room constantly watching the people. There is always propaganda across the screen supporting Big Brother and the endeavors of Ingsoc. The telescreen combined with the thought police is the ultimate tool for destroying individual thought, "The smallest thing could give you away. A nervous tic, an unconscious look of anxiety, a habit of muttering to yourself-anything that carried with it the suggestion of abnormality, of having something to hide" (Orwell). This non-stop flow of information stimulates everyone to join in with the demands of Big Brother even when they do not want to. Even the telescreens and Thought Police are not enough because the people are faced with the omnipresent signs reading "BIG BROTHER IS WATCHING YOU," that are constantly scrutinizing them. Naturally inherent with paradoxes such as "War is Peace," "Freedom is Slavery" and "Ignorance is Strength," this mode of communication encompasses one goal: to erase all ability for original, creative, and therefore possible heretical thought. This step that the party has taken to oppress the people through the devastation of language as the people knows it. The development of Newspeak, although seeming to improve the civilization, depletes thought, creativity, and individualism in its speakers. The language of Oceania is thoroughly phony; it is deliberately designed to conceal reality wherever possible, to distort it (Harris 307). The terms used for everyday objects are ironic and symbolic of manipulation of Big Brother. The word Party suggests the idea of the familiar and fun, even though it is the oppressive government the people now lives with. Victory Gin, Victory Coffee, and Victory Cigarettes are truly low-quality products rather than the frivolities their names represent. The Party uses these terms in an attempt to attract members and distort their thoughts. Even the term Big Brother blurs reality. Through all of the oppression of the government the older citizens of Oceania have repressed their lives. They are unable to even remember the most basic of events that have happened to them only a few years ago. The older people that are left do not speak of the occurrences and are too old to fully recollect what reality is and what is not. As Winston becomes more against the party he starts to remember things of his childhood, his mind no longer represses, as he refuses to accept the party 's meaning. The oppression caused by the posters, telescreens and Thought Police cause the citizens to not be able to remember their life. It is far safer to forget the truth of what has come to pass. Those that know too much will just be erased as if they were never there to begin with, and Ingsoc can get away with this because nobody is able to fight against it. The physical environment that Winston lives in is also a result of the influence that the government has on the people. As Winston Smith comes home for lunch from his office we are first of all aware of the depressing seediness of things--the "gritty dust" in the street, the smell of "boiled cabbage and old rag mats" in the corridor, the elevator that seldom works because electricity must be saved (Schorer 300). In addition to the cold and bare surroundings and the inhospitable atmosphere, the circumstances and conditions of a totalitarian state, wracked with constant food and supply shortages, have callused Winston. His skin has been "roughened by coarse soap and blunt razor blades," with the persistent nuisance of the "varicose ulcer." (Schorer 300). This deterioration of his surroundings. as well as his life, influence the final end where Winston 's mind has disintegrated as well. Winston fights against the idea of Big Brother, but the children around him do not have this chance. Winston is remembering things from his past, moments in history that have been destroyed through his work. He often wonders who will lead the rebellion against the government, but I do not believe that it can be the future that does this. The children are being corrupted from their very first memories by the initiation into the group of young spies. They are being encouraged to adopt the savagery of their times by turning on their own families. When this oppression begins at the very youngest of ages, what are these children supposed to do? It is because of Winston 's struggle and the inability to think of the youth that we encounter the idea of "doublethink". Doublethink is the ability to hold two contradictory ideas in one 's mind at the same time. As the Party 's mind-control techniques break down an individual 's capacity for independent thought, it becomes possible for that individual to believe anything that the Party tells them, even while possessing information that runs counter to what they are being told. The oppression of a society such as what Ingsoc has done should make any reader question the future. Winston was not born into the oppression he now lives with, but he has accepted it. He especially accepts it when he is broken by O 'brien in the room, and his betrayal of Julia. When a government has complete control over the media, language, thoughts and your every movement we have to believe in corruption. Ingsoc stripped Oceania of freedom in any form because then people would be able to think without questioning their right to do so. Big Brother is supposed to be the all mighty that is never questioned because that is what the people have been made to believe. Oppression at this level should have taken at least a full generation 's time to be established in a society, but the people were easily manipulated. The only person we see truly fighting the oppression of Big Brother is completely devastated. By the end of the novel, Winston has lost all hope, which is evident as he plays chess at the Chestnut Tree Café in a drunken stupor. Winston contemplates the tendencies of good and evil while playing a game of chess. The white chess pieces symbolize good; black evil. As he consumes Victory Gin, Winston decides that eventually good will always defeat evil. The flash of hope disappears when Winston, now automatically, pushes the "unorthodox" thought from his mind. He loves Big Brother. This is his only thought now because he that is what he has been made to believe through the manipulation of his world. The world that Orwell has created in 1984 speaks for the fear that we as a nation should carry now. We face a period of time where freedom of thought is never second guessed, and words are a power for all. The novel was considered prophetic when it came out, and now there are times that I believe Orwell was right. We have not been completely overrun by the government, but there are instances that we might have to fear Big Brother in our own society. Oppression is not something I have faced in my lifetime, but fear of what could be is also its own form of oppression.

Works Cited
Harris, Harold J. "Orwell 's Essay 's and '1984 '." Twentieth Century Literature 4 (1959): 154-161.
Howe, Irving, and George Orwell. 1984 Revisited Totalitarianism in Our Century. New York: Harper & Row, 1983.
Kornbluth, C. M. "The Failure of the Science Fiction Novel As Social Criticism." The Science Fiction Novel: Imagination and Social Criticism. (1969): 64-101.
Orwell, George. 1984. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1984.
Schorer, Mark. "An Indignant and Prophetic Novel." The New York Times Book Review. 12 June (1949) 1,16.

Cited: Harris, Harold J. "Orwell 's Essay 's and '1984 '." Twentieth Century Literature 4 (1959): 154-161. Howe, Irving, and George Orwell. 1984 Revisited Totalitarianism in Our Century. New York: Harper & Row, 1983. Kornbluth, C. M. "The Failure of the Science Fiction Novel As Social Criticism." The Science Fiction Novel: Imagination and Social Criticism. (1969): 64-101. Orwell, George. 1984. San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1984. Schorer, Mark. "An Indignant and Prophetic Novel." The New York Times Book Review. 12 June (1949) 1,16.