(A) Hydrophilic Head- This head is attracted to water‚ so it faces outward to protect the cell from water. We used red “puff balls” because they resemble the hydrophilic head through the shape. (B) Hydrophobic Tail- These tails are like to stay away from water‚ so they face inward. We used green pipe cleaners because they resemble hydrophobic tail by the way they can bend and be easily shaped. (C) Ion Channel- Ions channels transport polar atoms like‚ Na+‚ K+‚ Ca++‚ and Cl-‚ in and out of the cell
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Chapter 4: Membrane Structure and Function Fluid Mosaic Model 1. Consistency of membrane is solid enough to form a boundary‚ but flexible and permeable like a fluid. 2. Proteins scattered throughout - Embedded or on the surface - Can move around laterally 3. Phospholipid from bilayer‚ make up most of membrane 4. Glycolipids have carbohydrate chains attached. 5. Hydrophilic heads point out/into the cell 6. Hydrophobic tails point out towards each other Proteins 1. Glycoproteins: have
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Phospholipids are made up from many smaller molecules combine these are: fatty acid chains‚ glycerol‚ phosphate and choline. Two of the carbons of the glycerol are joined to two fatty acids in a condensation reaction creating ester bonds. The final carbon is bonded to the phosphate molecule‚ which in turn is connected via a covalent bond to choline. Due to the polar nature of the glycerol phosphate and choline molecules‚ they create a hydrophilic area (known as the hydrophilic head). Whereas‚ the
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Analysis During the experiment‚ a dialysis bag was used to mimic a cell membrane. Two ways why this model realistically represents a cell is because the dialysis bag is semi-permeable‚ like a cell. The bag was able to allow water in‚ as the size of the water molecule was small enough to be able to fit through the pores of the bag. Sucrose was not able to pass through as the molecules were too big to enter. This is similar to a cell because the size of a molecule can determine whether or not the
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concentrations of alcohol on the membrane structure of a beetroot a) Decide what you think will be the effect of alcohol on beetroot cell surface membranes and how this will affect their permeability. Write down your idea as a hypothesis that you can test‚ and support your idea with biological knowledge. Hypothesis “The greater the concentration of the alcohol the more red pigments (betalains) move into the solution.” Biological knowledge: The exposure of the beetroot cell membrane to alcohol makes it
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the default location of proteins synthesized by cytosolic ribosomes? 2. Two membrane-bound organelles that are responsible for making and modifying proteins are? ER and Golgi- newly synthesized secretory proteins are first targeted to the ER‚ where they are folded and modified before exported to the Golgi for sorting 3. Name a few cytoplasmic proteins. 4. Name a few secretory proteins. Plasma membrane proteins‚ ECM proteins‚ lysosomal proteins 5. What are the general chemical features
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tiny-a row of about forty would fit into 1mm. But although they are too small to see with the naked eye their complexity is remarkable. A single cell can be thought of as an organised chemical system‚ separated from its disorganised surroundings by a membrane” (Boyle et al 1999) First here is a brief summary of major eukaryotic organelles and their structures. The nucleus is the largest and most prominent organelle in the cell. It is usually spherical and about 10um in diameter. It contains the DNA and
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determine what effect an increase in the surrounding temperature has on the plasma membrane of a typical plant cell structure. Hypothesis: An increase in temperature will damage and denature the plasma membrane and cause the cytoplasm and other substances contained within the membrane to leak out. Introduction: The purpose of a cell membrane is to control the transport of substances moving into and out of a cell. The membrane is an extremely thin layer (8 to 10 manometers (nm)) thick‚ which is partially
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they are all made up of cells whereas‚ the membrane surrounds all those cells. The cell membrane has the key responsibility to maintain a stable interval environment. Even though‚ Cell membrane is made up of phospholipids bilayer and has that great amount flexibility making it unbreakable while transportation of substances. However‚ certain substances such as‚ dissolved gases‚ sugars‚ salt and liquid find it difficult to pass through the cell membrane and‚ Substances like Oxygen and‚ Carbon Dioxide
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paper towels microscope slide cover slip Procedure 1. Make a wet mount of the red onion epidermis. 2. Examine under low power. When you have a clear view of several cells‚ switch to high power. Make a labeled drawing (cell wall‚ membrane‚ cytosol) of your cells. This will give you a record of the original appearance of the onion cells. 3. Take a dropper and add several drops of salt solution to one side of your cover slip while placing a small piece of paper towel along the
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