Barriers-to-entry Examples Investment To achieve minimum efficient scale‚ it is estimated that a RTE cereal plant needed to produce 75 million pounds per year‚ which requires a capital investment in excess of $100 million and about 125 employees. High Research and Development Cost The RTE cereal industry spent about 1% of gross sales on R&D in 1993‚ whereas the food industry spent only 0.7% of gross sales. It requires 2-4 years and $5-10 million to develop a new brand Distribution barrier
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Ready To Eat Breakfast Cereal Industry Monday‚ September 09‚ 2013 3:09 PM The Big 3 and the industry before the 1990’s 1972 Federal trade Commission file a major antitrust suit against the big 3 (Kellogg‚ General Mills‚ and General Foods) Argued: Monopolized cereal market and had taken specific steps to deter entry by new firms How? Restrained competition amongst themselves through "unwritten agreements" to limit the in-pack premiums (free toys‚ gifts‚ e tc) -Refrain from trade
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The RTE Cereal Industry in 1994 Case Analysis Competitive Strategy Presented by: Raghav Keshav Why has RTE cereal been such a profitable business? The RTE cereal market is a classic oligopoly with the four dominant players controlling 85% of the market. The return on sales earned by the incumbents in this market (18%) is significantly higher compared to rest of the food industry (5%). Efficient markets typically entice new entrants when the returns are attractive. These returns are gradually
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Reason for the high-profitability of the RTE cereal business: The "Big Three" cereal manufacturers have jointly monopolized the market and have reaped high profits from their monopoly pricing combined with the tacit co-ordination they share regarding price hikes. The "Big Three" have backed up their monopoly strategy with their strong relationships with each other and with regional and national grocers. This relationship allowed them to control or buy shelf space and ideal positioning of their product
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boundaries of RTE cereal industry from a demand-side perspective and a supply-side perspective respectively. The boundaries from a demand-side perspective in this case are the fact that buyers have low switching costs. The cereal industry has a diversified range of products so consumers can easily substitute one type of cereal for another or one brand for another. From the supply-side perspective‚ boundaries are technological in nature such that larger firms can produce many different types of cereals in large
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Consume Breakfast and Ready-to-Eat Cereals 研究生：徐慧中撰 指導教授：周泰華 中華民國 九十六年 六月 Acknowledgements I wish to thank the many people who have made significant contributions to this research. I wish to acknowledge the excellence help and advice provided by Lin Lin Ku‚ the Senior Product Manager of Kellogg Asia Marketing Incorporation‚ Taiwan Branch. It was my honor to be able to interview Lin Lin Ku‚ and to obtain a clear picture of Taiwanese breakfast cereal industry. Besides‚ she also arranged
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best-known cereals are flagging. http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2012/may/16/taste-breakfast-cereal-changing UK sales of eight of the 10 most popular brands‚ including Corn Flakes‚ Crunchy Nut‚ Coco Pops‚ Cheerios and Special K‚ fell sharply in 2010-11. Rice Krispies‚ the worst performer‚ was down 12%; Weetabix bucked the trend‚ rising 4%‚ for reasons that may become clear later. http://www.guardian.co.uk/lifeandstyle/2012/may/16/taste-breakfast-cereal-changing A breakfast cereal (or just
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Ready To Eat Cereal 1) The Big Three firms‚ Kellogg‚ General Mills‚ and Philip Morris‚ formed practically an oligopoly in the RTE cereal market. Their price and cost levels moved in lockstep‚ following signals sent mostly by the biggest player‚ Kellogg‚ while their tactics could be used against outside competition‚ as suggested in the scenario below. Although RTE cereal is a basic food item and production technology stabilized for about half century‚ the industry had effective barriers to entry
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great progress in the agriculture & food sectors both in terms of growth in output as well as yields and processing. With the introduction of "Retort Technology" developed by Defense Food Research Laboratory‚ Ready to Cook (RTC) and Ready to Eat (RTE) food segment has emerged as one of the fastest growing sectors in the Indian economy. Due to the large consumer base‚ the market for this sector was worth about Rs 800 Million in 2010 and has an enormous potential for growth. The total size of the
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United Cereal: Lora Brill’s Eurobrand Challenge Introduction: The case is focusing on European division of a giant multinational breakfast food company‚ which describes a launch decision for a new cereal product. United Cereal (UC) was established in 1910 by Jed Thomas. It was known in the industry‚ eventually diversified into snack foods‚ dairy products. By 2010 UC was a $9 billion business‚ but the breakfast cereals still accounted for one-third of its revenues. As the breakfast cereal trend
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