The Ionic mechanism and propagation of action potentials. The action potential is the result of a large‚ sudden increase in sodium permeability of the membrane. The resulting rush of sodium ions into the membrane and accumulation of positive charge on its inner surface drives the potential towards Ena. This is followed by repolarisation‚ whereby there is a large increase in the membranes permeability to potassium ions‚ hence the membrane returns to Ek. Explanation of the (ionic) mechanisms underlying
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Biopsychology: A specialty that studies the interaction of biology‚ behavior‚ and mental processes. Evolution: The gradual process of biological change that occurs in a species as it adapts to its environment new generations change as they adapt to changing environments Evolution has fundamentally shaped psychological processes because it favors genetic variations that produce adaptive behavior Charles Darwin:Wondered if animals were related and if all creations‚ even humans‚ could
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Nervous System: an extensive network of specialized cells that carries information to and from all parts of the body. Neuron: the basic cell that makes up the nervous system and that receives and sends messages within that system. Dendrites: branchlike structures that receive messages from other neurons. Soma: the cell body of the neuron responsible for maintaining the life of the cell. Axon: tubelike structure that carries the neural message. Glial cells grey fatty cells that provide support for
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of a living being‚ neurons are the fundamental unit of the nervous system. These neurons work together with other excitable cells to produce action potentials when they receive electrical or chemical stimuli. Action potentials can be thought of as an “all-or-nothing” event and occur as a large-scale depolarization when sodium and other positive ions rapidly enter the neuron through membrane channel proteins. Once initiated‚ action potentials travel down the length of the axon and when it reaches the
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Front this divison of the peripheral nervous system includes the neurons found along the GI tract Back enteric nervous system Front name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the CNS Back nucleus Front name for a group of neuron cell bodies in the PNS Back ganglia Front these ions are cross the neuron cell membrane during a hyperpolarization Back Cl- K+ Page 1 Front Back these gates respond to chemical stimuli such as nerutransmitters
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NERVOUS SYSTEM STUDY GUIDE 1. 3 FUNCTIONS OF NERVOUS SYSTEM 2. 2 MAJOR NERVOUS SYSTEMS 3. AFFERENT VS. EFFERENT NERVES. What does each do? 4. SOMATIC VS AUTONOMIC NERVOUS SYSTEM What does each do? Which is involuntary? 5. SYMPATHETIC VS PARASYMPATHETIC What are some things that happen when you get scared? When you have just had a big meal? 6. Draw the Graphic Organizer for the nervous system 7. ANATOMY
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Endocrine Vs Nervous System The endocrine system acts with nervous system to coordinate the body’s activities. Both systems enable cells to communicate with others by using chemical messengers. The endocrine system uses chemical messengers called hormones that are transported by the circulatory system (blood). They act on target cells that may be anywhere in the body. The endocrine system is slower than the nervous system because hormones must travel through the circulatory system to reach their
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found throughout the body with the majority found in the central nervous system. Neurones are specialized to process information in the body. Neurones convey this information to one another through the stimulation of a detector neurone. This causing a brief change in the electrochemical gradient resulting in the neurone moving away from its resting potential. This is known as an action potential. Once initiated the action potential travels the length of the axon reaching the pre-synaptic terminal
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Inside our brain‚ there is this system called the human nervous system. There are two types of nervous systems: the peripheral and central nervous systems. The peripheral nervous system includes the nerves connecting the central nervous system to the rest of the body. It has two subdivisions: somatic nervous system and autonomic nervous system. Somatic nervous system controls skeletal muscles and interacts with the external environment. An example is walking through a park. You are using your motor
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CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM The Brain -recap * The brain receives signals from inside and outside the body. * It keeps the basic‚ body functions such as heart beat rate‚ breathing rate and temperature control ticking over‚ without us having to think about it. * It also allows us to decide to do things like running and walking and many more complex tasks. It is where our personalities and moods and emotions come from. * The brain of a human being makes up about one-fiftieth of
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