oD 4.1 Respiration Why organisms undergo respiration What is respiration and why do we need it? Respiration is the process whereby energy is released from food molecules (most usually glucose). It takes place inside living cells‚ both eukaryotic and prokaryotic. The process takes place inside the cytoplasm and the mitochondria. Energy is used to synthesise adenosine triphosphate (ATP)‚ which acts as a short-term energy store in cells. All living organisms need energy to drive their
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Anatomy and Organization of Skeletal Muscle Skeletal Muscle Cells and Their Packaging into Muscles 1. Use the items in the key to correctly identify the structures described below. g; perimysium c; fascicle Key: a. b. c. endomysium epimysium fascicle fiber myofibril myofilament perimysium sarcolemma sarcomere sarcoplasm tendon 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. connective tissue ensheathing a bundle of muscle cells bundle of muscle cells contractile unit of muscle i; sarcomere d; fiber a; endomysium
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Mechanics of Respiration Angelica D. Francisco‚ MD‚ MSc Edited to Word Format by: GASES KINETIC THEORY OF GASES o MOLECULES IN CONSTANT MOTION > TEMPERATURE > PRESSURE > VOLUME AVOGADRO’S LAW: V n CHARLES’ LAW: V=kT THE VOLUME OF A GAS IS PROPORTIONAL TO THE TEMPERATURE V = kT‚ P is constant IDEAL GAS EQUATION V = kn‚ T and P are constant EQUAL VOLUMES OF GASES‚ CONTAIN EQUAL NUMBER OF MOLECULES. PV= nRT P‚ PRESSURE V‚ VOLUME OF GAS n‚ NUMBER OF MOLECULES OF GAS R‚ GAS CONSTANT T‚ TEMPERATURE
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Muscle Tissue Introduction * Motion * Results from alternating contraction (shortening) and relaxation of muscles * Skeletal system * Provides leverage and a supportive framework for this movement * Myology – study of muscles Muscle Tissue * Alternating contraction and relaxation of cells * Chemical energy changed into mechanical energy Types of Muscle Tissue * Skeletal muscle – primarily attached to bones * Striated and voluntary * Cardiac
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RESPIRATION Syllabus * Define respiration * State the uses of energy in the body of humans * Define aerobic respiration * State the equation for aerobic respiration using symbols * Define anaerobic respiration * State the word equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles during hard exercise * State the balanced equation for anaerobic respiration in muscles (C6H12O6 → 2C3H6O3) and the microorganism yeast (C6H12O6 →2C2H5OH + 2CO2)‚ using symbols * Describe the effect
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Muscle Tissue 1. How is muscle tissue categorized? Muscle tissue is categorized by its shape‚ the number of nuclei‚ and the mechanism of stimulation. 2. a. Click the Smooth Muscle Tissue. Identify each of the following: Nucleus----- Smooth Fiber Muscle------------------ b. Describe smooth muscle control (voluntary or involuntary). Involuntary c. Name some smooth muscle functions (click the “Tissue Locations” button). Smooth
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MUSCLE FATIGUE HOW DO MUSCLES GET THE ENERGY TO WORK? In muscles‚ it is essential that Calcium is present‚ as this gives the muscles the ability to contract and relax. For muscles to contract energy is needed: the energy can only be provided by the breakdown of a chemical called adenosine triphosphate (ATP). As ATP is broken down‚ a phosphate molecule is broken off‚ reducing the phosphate molecules‚ from 3 to 2. This produces adenosine triphosphate. However for the muscles contraction to continue
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RESPIRATION * The release of energy from food * All living cells need energy to carry out M R S G R E N‚ contraction of muscles‚ build up of larger molecules (e.g. proteins)‚ maintains steady body temperature (homeostasis) * Aerobic: * needs oxygen * only occurs when a certain amount of oxygen is available * C6H12O6 + 6O2 6CO2 + 6H2O + Energy * releases large amount of energy (2900 KJ) * Anaerobic: * without oxygen * [glucose lactic acid]
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usage (annoying to say the least) demonstrated how detailed your critique was completed. However‚ in your rewrite‚ “What good are elected officials that don’t perform on behalf of the citizens who elected them?” Rossenwasser and Stephen describe contractions as “too informal at times” and for a critical writing research project‚ personally‚ I avoid them unless in a quote. Erik‚ you are a talented writer and this is the second time that I am correcting something‚ however‚ please note that you are the
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Corporate restructuring and the LBO CHAPTER 3: CONTRACTIONS Contraction is the reduction in the size of the private company or business due to corporate restructuring. 3.1 Spin-Offs—A spin-off transaction is when a parent company separates the shares of its subsidiary from the original private company shares and distributes those shares‚ on a pro-rata basis to its shareholders. In essence‚ two separate entities are formed in which the stockholders are issued the shares in the legal
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