based on optical microcavities are already indispensable for a wide range of applications and studies. For example‚ microcavities made of active III–V semiconductor materials control laser emission spectra to enable long-distance transmission of data over optical fibres; they also ensure narrow spot-size laser read/write beams in CD and DVD players. In quantum optical devices‚ microcavities can coax atoms or quantum dots to emit spontaneous photons in a desired direction or can provide an environment
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of shadow. When waves are superposed‚ they reinforce each other when crests are in phase and cancel out when they are not in phase. An image projected by light waves shows this by producing concentric circles of light. When slits are used‚ the laser superposes itself and creates constructive interference. The resulting spots are measured to give data that allows one to find the wavelength using the equation λm = dsin θ. These diffraction and interference with such slits was successful
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html. Hecht‚ Jeff. “A Short History of Fiber Optics.” 1999.Alfred P. Sloan Foundation. Retrieved December 21‚ 2007 from http://www.sff.net/people/Jeff.Hecht/history.html. Joiner‚ Steve. “The Internet of Tomorrow.” Science Volume 290 (2000): 1907. “Laser.” The World Book Encyclopedia. Volume 12. 1989. “Modern Communication.” 2003. National Academy of Sciences. Retrieved December 21‚ 2007 from http://www.beyonddiscovery.org/content/view.article.asp?a=438. “Telecommunication.” The World Book Encyclopedia
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from light bulbs and LEDs. 3. Laser – Acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. The laser produces a coherent source of light with a narrow beam and a narrow spectral bandwidth (about 2cm). Lasers in fiber optics are usually solid-state semiconductor types. Lasers are used to provide the high-powered‚ tightly controlled light wavelengths necessary for high-speed‚ long-distance optical fiber transmissions. 4. Output Pattern – LED and laser semiconductors used in fiber-optic
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incredibly inexpensive to manufacture. The design that makes this possible is a simple one: The CD surface is a mirror covered with billions of tiny bumps that are arranged in a long‚ tightly wound spiral. The CD player reads the bumps with a precise laser and interprets the information as bits of data. The spiral of bumps on a CD starts in the centre. CD tracks are so small that they have to be measured in microns (millionths of a meter). The CD track is approximately 0.5 microns wide‚ with 1.6 microns
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CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL This is to certify that the Seminar titled HOLOGRAPHIC DATA STORAGE Submitted by Nikhil Puthran 100942 Rahulsing Rajput 100944 Pravish Shetty 100954 Suraj Yadav 100962 In partial fulfillment of requirement for the term work of third year in Computer engineering is approved. EXTERNAL EXAMINER INTERNAL EXAMINER __________________ ___________________ HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT INTERNAL GUIDE _____________________
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Hypothesis: Dark and light bands would be seen‚ and red light causes wider nodal spacing‚ while blue light causes shorter nodal spacing. Materials: In this experiment‚ a lamp base assembly‚ a piece of blue filter‚ a piece of red filter‚ a slit plate‚ a laser pointer‚ a meter scale‚ and a 40 W lamp were used. Procedures: 1. A 40 W lamp was assembled in a lamp base assembly‚ and the assembly was settled on the edge of a desk top. 2. The lamp was turned on. And the filament of the lamp was seen‚ from a
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spectroscopy that allows the identification of particles in homogeneous materials in the micron order. The identification is employed on the basis of the molecular vibrational spectra of samples‚ obtained by excitation with visible laser light. In micro-Raman spectroscopy‚ the laser beam is focused by means of a microscope objective employing a backscattering configuration (Perardi‚ Zoppi and Castellucci 2000). Case study Red pigment samples were collected from Roman over-paintings dated back to the
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r n A p p ro a c h t o t h e Tre a t m e n t o f C e l l u l i t e Anthony M. Rossi‚ MDa‚b‚ Bruce E. Katz‚ MDb‚c‚* KEYWORDS Cellulite Laser lipolysis Skin laxity Nd: YAG laser for cellulite KEY POINTS Cellulite is a well-documented condition and‚ although many treatment options have been purported‚ few have lasting clinical results. The use of laser and light-based devices‚ in both a noninvasive and a minimally invasive fashion‚ has augmented the understanding and approach to the treatment
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we arrive with equation 1. Methodology A diode laser was placed on one end of an optical bench and a white paper that acts as a screen is placed on the other end. The white paper could be replaced with a light-sensitive material that would leave markings when struck by a beam of light. This is to prevent human error in marking the diffraction pattern. A single slit disk in its holder was placed between the laser and the screen facing the laser and about
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