Enron’s Questionable Transactions 1. The special purpose entities (SPEs) got Enron into trouble. 2. It is debatable whether Enron’s directors knew how profits were being made through the SPEs. Speculation is that they did have knowledge‚ but did not question the questionable procedures. Evidence that indicates the directors knew how profits were being made includes the following: • Andrew Fastow’s role in establishing the SPEs and falsely creating 3% independent investors in
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Chapter 1: Introduction 1.1: Introduction to Company: Transaction Processing Systems (TPS) is a software‚ systems‚ and consulting firm specializing in e-banking and e-payment products‚ solutions‚ and services. TPS is e-banking and e-payments solution experts. IT solutions have become increasingly complex and expensive. Too often‚ businesses end up working to support their IT‚ instead of the other way around. TPS has thrived by observing a single mandate: “Take care of our client’s
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debit card number to complete the transaction. Payment Methods Typically‚ you must use either a credit or debit card to purchase items online. There are exceptions to this. There are sites that will accept checks‚ money orders or electronic wallets‚ such as PayPal. When you pay with a credit or debit card‚ note that the information you provide must match the information that the issuing bank has on file. If it does not‚ the bank will not approve the transaction. This safeguard exists to prevent
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Transaction processing system Transaction processing is a style of computing that divides work into individual‚ indivisible operations‚ called transactions. A transaction processing system (TPS) or transaction server is a software system‚ or software/hardware combination‚ that supports transaction processing. • History One of the first transaction processing systems was American Airline SABRE system‚ which became operational in 1960. Designed to process up to 83‚000 transactions a day‚ the system
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Transaction Processing Systems A transaction is an elementary activity conducted during business operations. Transaction processing systems (TPS) process the company’s business transactions and thus support the operations of an enterprise. A TPS records a non-inquiry transaction itself‚ as well as all of its effects‚ in the database and produces documents relating to the transaction. TPS are necessary to conduct business in almost any organization today. TPSs bring data into the organizational
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important strategic decisions of firms is to define their boundaries and under what circumstances should they consider using market instead of internal organisation to coordinate exchange. This essay is to try to describe the key characteristics of Transactions Costs Economics (hereafter TEC) and with real life examples given as how it affects the decision of using market vs. organisation. Also‚ by quoting the example of Sony (battery)‚ Apple (iPod) and firm that I am working with‚ we can see how firms
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IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON INDUSTRIAL ELECTRONICS‚ VOL. 59‚ NO. 7‚ JULY 2012 2745 Efficiency-Optimized High-Current Dual Active Bridge Converter for Automotive Applications Florian Krismer‚ Student Member‚ IEEE‚ and Johann W. Kolar‚ Fellow‚ IEEE Abstract—An efficiency-optimized modulation scheme and design method are developed for an existing hardware prototype of a bidirectional dual active bridge (DAB) dc/dc converter. The DAB being considered is used for an automotive application and is made up
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operating objectives by “providing the right information to the right people in the right format and at the right time.” (Stair & Reynolds 2014‚ pg. 295). One of the processes that I used while working at Citibank was a monthly review of teller transaction differences report (A form of scheduled report). The process was simple and merely required the download of the report for my specific branch and conducting a review to ensure that the differences were within guidelines. If the differences by the
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What is an OLTP System? Online Transaction Processing (OLTP) systems are one of the most common data processing systems in today’s enterprises. Classical examples of OLTP systems are order entry‚ retail sales‚ and financial transaction systems. OLTP systems are primarily characterized through a specific data usage that is different from data warehousing environments‚ yet some of the characteristics‚ such as having large volumes of data and lifecycle-related data usage and importance‚ are identical
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Some Advantages of DBMS as compared to a Conventional Data Processing (CDPS) There are three main features of a database management system that make it attractive to use a DBMS in preference to more conventional software. These features are centralized data management‚ data independence‚ and systems integration In a database system‚ the data is managed by the DBMS and all access to the data is through the DBMS providing a key to effective data processing. This contrasts with conventional data processing
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