2010/2011 financial years of $2‚350 and $1‚250 respectively‚ and also received income from other sources in those years ($45‚000 and $23‚000 respectively). Issues: Jack is seeking advice in regards to capital gains exemptions and reliefs that can be attributed to the sale of the property. Jack is also seeking advice in reference to offsetting his losses from his cattle farming enterprise against other assessable income that he earned in the 2010/2011 financial year. The issue of capital gains
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some for ms of feed back on the effectiveness/efficien cy of such taxes. This stud y attempts to appr aise the usefulness of the tax system in Nigeria‚ usin g Value Added Tax system as a r efer en ce point. The significance of this stud y i s that it will enable th e government officials‚ r esear cher s an d econ omic analysts to appr aise an y type of tax‚ with th e aid of the par ameters used in this stud y. The stud y used th e ability to gener ate revenue and the ability to in fluence
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Companies A company is a distinct legal entity with its own income tax liability. It is a popular structure for business‚ offering limited liability and certain taxation advantages. The annual reporting requirements are much higher for a company structure. The owner of a small business can only take income from a company structure as wages (director’s fees) or dividends. If the company operates a motor vehicle for the use of the owner (director)‚ Fringe benefits taxation will apply.
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National Income Determination Introduction • A key objective of Macroeconomics is to explain GDP growth and its fluctuations • Therefore‚ need to understand the forces that determine GDP (“National Income”) • John Maynard Keynes in his “General Theory of Employment‚ Interest and Money” (1936) developed a model of income determination • Known as Keynesian Theory of Income Determination • Aggregate spending / demand determines the level of aggregate output Concepts and Functions Actual
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10(34). This includes deemed dividend under sections 2(22)(a) to (d). This is because such dividend attracts dividend distribution tax @ 12.5% in the hands of the company. (2) The TDS provisions under this section are attracted only in respect of deemed dividend referred to in section 2(22)(e)‚ if such dividend exceeds Rs. 2‚500 in a year. (3) The rate of deduction of tax in respect of such dividend is 20% plus surcharge‚ if applicable‚ plus education cess. (4) Under the proviso to section 194‚
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Introduction The income smoothing literature has been the centre of attention in the accounting world for the past few decades. When companies experience economic turbulence due to a poor performance year‚ they turn to the accounting management department to resolve the bottom line. A strategy that managers can approach is changing the true information content of the company. As a result this has led managers to resort to smoothing their income. Many questions have been raised whether or not it
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administration of VAT‚ are discussed. I. Income tax is charged under the trading income provisions of Income Tax (Trading and Other Income) Act 2005 Part 2 on the profits of any “trade‚ profession or vocation whether carried on in the UK or elsewhere” . Accordingly‚ all self-employed have trading income regardless of their business activities. In the absence of a satisfactory statutory definition of “trade”‚ the Royal Commission on the Taxation of Profits and Income suggested certain objective tests‚
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SOCIO-ECONOMIC PROBLEM OF TAX AVOIDANCE AND EVASION IN NIGERIA: AN OVERVIEW Dominic Asada LL.B. (Hons.) B.L‚ LL.M. Tax Avoidance and Evasion are some of the most perplexing problems facing the nation today. It is widely believed that there is a considerable difference between estimated revenue from taxation every year and what is actually collected. This disturbing aversion to taxation has some historical antecedents. Traditionally‚ there has always been a hostile response to the payment of tax by the people
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Justin Norman ECON 201: Short Paper 12/05/2012 Tax Reform There is effect when you talk about taxing a country as a whole and founding out that it actually helps or sometimes the functionality of the country to reform taxes as they weather away as time goes on. It was the unfair and demanding taxes the British put on the colonies in the 1700‚ as the American colonies were finding their identity and still under British rule‚ in which it lead to a Revolution. Nowadays‚ there is simply
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Tobacco tax: good for health‚ good for government finances Tobacco use kills over 5 million people each year and is the largest single preventable cause of premature death.1 Tobacco is very costly to society through high costs to treat tobacco-induced disease or through loss of productivity as a result of the premature deaths. But governments have a tool to combat the costs of tobacco use — tobacco taxation. Higher tobacco prices decrease consumption and encourage people to quit Increasing
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