Analysis of Hydrocarbons Myra Gurango‚ Geneva Guy‚ Micah Hernandez* and Joyce Lagarde Department of Chemistry‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila‚ Philippines Abstract The organic compounds hexane‚ toluene‚ cyclohexene and naphthalene in hexene were subjected to parallel chemical testing to differentiate their intrinsic physical properties in terms of structure and behavior. The physical state and color were noted by simple physical observation. Nitration Testing was conducted for preliminary
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Organic Chemistry Experiment - Hydrocarbons Thursday‚ April 12‚ 2007 1:34 PM Purpose: To Identify an unknown Hydrocarbon Procedure: Procedure listed in handout "Organic Chemistry Experiment -- Hydrocarbons" Hazards: Open flame and hydrocarbons are flammable. Equations: 1. . 3. . 4. . 5. . Unknown #: 1B s-6 Hyd-3 (colorless liquid) Data/Observations: Test Bromine addition Alkane Mixture of hexane and dichloromethane was originally clear liquid. After adding 3 drops red color Br2/CH2Cl
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Are Aromatic Hydrocarbons Carcinogenic Aromatic hydrocarbons or arenes are hydrocarbons characterized by alternating double and single bonds between carbons. Benzene is the most common aromatic hydrocarbon‚ but there are some non-benzene based compounds called heteroarenes‚ where a carbon is replaced by an oxygen‚ nitrogen‚ or sulfur‚ that are also aromatic compounds. Aromatic hydrocarbons exist in our daily lives regardless if we recognize them or not. Aromatic hydrocarbons are ingested or
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INTRODUCTION From natural gas‚ crude oils‚ and other fossil materials such as coal‚ few intermediates are produced that are not hydrocarbon compounds. The important intermediates discussed here are hydrogen‚ sulfur‚ carbon black‚ and synthesis gas. Synthesis gas consists of a nonhydrocarbon mixture (H2‚CO) obtain- able from more than one source. It is included in this chapter and is fur- ther noted in Chapter 5 in relation to methane as a major feedstock for this mixture. This chapter discusses
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Formation of Hydrocarbons Types of hydrocarbons Parameters for hydrocarbon accumulation Phases of alteration of organic matter Types of kerogen Migration of hydrocarbons Five Major Types of Hydrocarbons Kerogen: Kerogen is a fine-grained‚ amorphous organic matter. It is not soluble to normal petroleum solvents‚ like carbon disulfide. Its chemical composition is 75% C‚ 10% H‚ 15% other (sulfur‚ oxygen‚ nitrogen‚ etc.). It is very important in the formation of hydrocarbons because it is what generates
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Analysis of Hydrocarbons Jennifer Alambra‚ Ma. Nancy Anulat‚ Alfonso Apepe*‚ Jacqueline Arsenal 3Bio4 Department of Biological Sciences - College of Science‚ University of Santo Tomas‚ Manila ABSTRACT The unknown hydrocarbon sample was differentiated and characterized by the use of three tests. The outcomes of these tests are as follows: Nitration test (negative)‚ Bromine test (positive) and Basic Oxidation test (positive). From these results the unknown sample can be classified
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2‚3‚.. and m= 1‚2‚3‚.. | PHYSICAL PROPERTIES | * MP & BP Size of hydrocarbon molecules inc‚ f.o.a inc‚ more heat overcome f.o.a * Density Mass per molecule inc faster than volume per molecule * Gas – liquidSize of hydrocarbon molecule inc‚ f.o.a stronger‚ mp&bp inc * Insoluble in water‚ soluble in organic solvent(covalent comp) * Insulator * Less dense than water | * MP & BP Size of hydrocarbon molecules inc‚ f.o.a inc‚ more heat overcome f.o.a * Density mass per molecule
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Hydrocarbon – Alcohols • Ethanol - 92.3% by weight of ethanol‚ 94.9% by volume. - 70 % which is used as local antiinfective • Diluted Alcohol - 48.4 % to 49.5% used as solvent • Brandy - distillation from wine • Whisky - fermented malted grain • Rum fermented molasses Product of Reductive Metabolism • Mannitol • Ash Manna • Fraxinus ornus – Oleaceae • Osmotic diuretic • Laxative Product of Reductive Metabolism • Sorbitol- Mountain ash • Sorbus aucuparia Rosaceae • Half as sweet as
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Properties and Reactions of Hydrocarbons Abstract Introduction Hydrocarbons are organic materials that contain only carbon and hydrogen atoms‚ these molecules can be saturated or unsaturated and acyclic‚ cyclic‚ or aromatic. In this experiment we used a variety of methods to examine the physical and chemical properties of hydrocarbons. The first experiment we tested a variety of solvents to see if they dissolved our alkane (Decalin). One would expect that non-polar solvents will dissolve
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both aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons Crude oil: a complex mixture of hydrocarbons found in layers of rock beneath the earth’s surface Aliphatic Hydrocarbons: contain chains of carbon atoms that may be branched Aromatic Hydrocarbons: contain Benzene rings- rings of carbon atoms with delocalized electrons Alkanes all have different boiling points dependent on the length of the carbon chain in the molecule. The smaller chains ie. the most volatile hydrocarbons will leave at the top of the
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