Leader Member Exchange Theory Considerable research has shown that leaders can significantly influence individual‚ group‚ and organizational performance (Gerstner & Day‚ 1997; Judge‚ Piccolo‚ & Ilies‚ 2004; Lowe‚ Kroeck & Sivasubramaniam‚ 1996). Different leadership theories articulate a number of mechanisms through which leaders have such influences (Northouse‚ 1997). An alternative approach to understanding leaders’ influence on individual follower or subordinate effectiveness is through the focus
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[pic] Functions of Stock Exchange - Main Functions In The Market Post : Gaurav Akrani Date : 11/01/2010 12:00:00 PM IST Comments (2) Labels : Economics 1 [pic] 1. Continuous and ready market for securities Stock exchange provides a ready and continuous market for purchase and sale of securities. It provides ready outlet for buying and selling of securities. Stock exchange also acts as an outlet/counter for the sale of listed securities. [pic] 2 [pic] 2. Facilitates
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Question 2 Exchange Control refers to governmental regulation of the conversion of currencies‚ the purchase of foreign coin or gold‚ and the transfer of funds between countries . Common exchange controls include banning the use of foreign currency and restricting the amount of domestic currency that can be exchanged within the country. Exchange Controls impacts on the economy include the following; The downward trend of rate of exchange against major trading currencies; this control lead
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Costs for the Benefits The Colombian Exchange’s forward approach included the exchange of new foods‚ animals‚ and resources between Europe‚ the Americas‚ and Africa. However‚ there was an indirect exchange of diseases‚ weapons‚ ideas‚ and people. This process had both positive and negative side effects. The Colombian Exchange resulted in an overall definite benefit compared to its costs. These benefits would include the sugar production‚ a financial silver income‚ the impact of nutritious foods
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SERVICES OF THE STOCK EXCHANGES 1. SERVICES OF THE INVESTORS Inventors in the country are important component of secondary market. In stock market stock exchange provides the following services to their investors: Liquidity to their investment is ensured by enabling them to sell securities whenever they need liquid funds. Information about the price of securities listed on the exchange through daily quotations. Safety & security to the transactions entered into by the investors in the market
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growth of Pakistan. Pakistan has struggled in the field of economic progress since inauguration. However in the recent past decade from 1999 to 2008 it was observed that Pakistan has seen the apex of economic progress. During this period the stock exchange out performed‚ there was an easy access to cash around the country due to low interest rates. Pakistan attracted record foreign direct investments (FDI) and there was no dearth of money
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Medium of exchange is what a buyer uses to purchase either a good or service from a seller‚ in most cases this is going to be money. Money is an accepted medium of exchange because we know that we will be able to obtain goods and services if we have the money to purchase them. Unit of account is used to measure and record economic value. This means that we use this when the amounts will be measured in dollars and not the quantity of goods. The store of value is when someone will keep the money that
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Columbian Exchange has been one of the significant events in the history of world ecology‚ agriculture‚ and culture. The term is used to describe the enormous...Premium Columbian Exchangeand David Northrup. The Earth and Its People. 3rd ed. Vol. 2. Boston: Charles Hartford‚ 2005. 418-573. 4."The Columbian Exchange." Calstatela.edu. 18 Feb. 2006...Premium Columbian ExchangeAmerica weather the Europeans came or not. This is the only negative affect that occurred out of the Columbian Exchange. Europeans
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and derivatives at an agreed price; these are securities listed on a stock exchange as well as those only traded privately. The size of the world stock market was estimated at about $36.6 trillion at the start of October 2008.The total world derivatives market has been estimated at about $791 trillion face or nominal value‚[2] 11 times the size of the entire world economy. The stocks are listed and traded on stock exchanges which are entities of a corporation or mutual organization specialized in
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given situation. Leader-Member Exchange (LMX) In 1993‚ Dansereau‚ Cashman and Graen proposed the Vertical Dyad Linkage (VDL) model as the new approach to the study of leadership. The theory has later been renamed to Leader Member Exchange (LMX) by Graen‚ Novak and Sommerkamp‚ 1982). The theory remains the same where it describes how leaders in groups maintain their position through a series of tacit exchange agreements with their members. Team-Member Exchange (TMX) As a way to measure reciprocity
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