Understanding Theory
UNDERSTANDING ORGANISATIONS: THEORY & PRACTICE
Gender and Other Differences
Gendering Organisational Theory - Acker 2011 * The links between class and race domination and gender are everywhere e.g. high tech Californian company white man on top and coloured women in production line * There is an intertwining of gender, race and class
Elements in a Theory of Gendered Organisations
Gendered organisations can be described in 4 sets 1. The production of gender division ordinary organisational practices produce the gender patterning of jobs, wages and hierarchies, power – managers and unions recreate this 2. Gendering also involves creation of symbols and images top manager is always strong/rational and forceful entire organisation had metaphors that are masculine lean mean aggressive actively create this to promote success 3. Interactions between individuals, women and men, women and women and men and men. enact in subordinations/dominations/ create alliances 4. Internal mental work of the employees understanding about the organisation’s gendered structure of work and opportunity and the demands for gender-appropriate behaviours and attributes (Pringle 1989) includes creating correct gender personal and hiding unacceptable aspects such as homosexuality ‘sexual games are integral to the play of power at work, and success for women depends on how they negotiate their sexuality’
Gender and Sexuality as Organisational Resources * Gender, sexual bodies can be organisational resources available to management predominantly * Reproduction and sexuality are often objects of and resources for control Burrell (1984) argues ‘individual organisations inaugurate mechanisms for the control of sexuality at a very early stage in their development.’ * Men’s sexuality reinforces their organisational power (Collonson and Collinson 1989) * Today many organisations consciously create dead end jobs/ part time for females
The
Gender and Other Differences
Gendering Organisational Theory - Acker 2011 * The links between class and race domination and gender are everywhere e.g. high tech Californian company white man on top and coloured women in production line * There is an intertwining of gender, race and class
Elements in a Theory of Gendered Organisations
Gendered organisations can be described in 4 sets 1. The production of gender division ordinary organisational practices produce the gender patterning of jobs, wages and hierarchies, power – managers and unions recreate this 2. Gendering also involves creation of symbols and images top manager is always strong/rational and forceful entire organisation had metaphors that are masculine lean mean aggressive actively create this to promote success 3. Interactions between individuals, women and men, women and women and men and men. enact in subordinations/dominations/ create alliances 4. Internal mental work of the employees understanding about the organisation’s gendered structure of work and opportunity and the demands for gender-appropriate behaviours and attributes (Pringle 1989) includes creating correct gender personal and hiding unacceptable aspects such as homosexuality ‘sexual games are integral to the play of power at work, and success for women depends on how they negotiate their sexuality’
Gender and Sexuality as Organisational Resources * Gender, sexual bodies can be organisational resources available to management predominantly * Reproduction and sexuality are often objects of and resources for control Burrell (1984) argues ‘individual organisations inaugurate mechanisms for the control of sexuality at a very early stage in their development.’ * Men’s sexuality reinforces their organisational power (Collonson and Collinson 1989) * Today many organisations consciously create dead end jobs/ part time for females
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