Trust Analysis Essay
Concept of TRUST analysis Concept: Trust | Definition: Dictionary, thesauruses, within nursing/medical/behavioral science/social science/other literature, from colleagues | Thi Bui | Oxford English Dictionary: 1) firm belief in the reliability, truth, or ability of someone or something; acceptance of the truth of a statement without evidence or investigation; the state of being responsible for someone or something; a person or duty for which one has responsibility 2) An arrangement whereby a person (a trustee) holds property as its nominal owner for the good of one or more beneficiaries 3) a large company that has or attempts to gain monopolistic control of a market 4) commercial credit 5) a hope or expectationNursing: Confidence that
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one’s expectations will be met; Defining attributes: consistency, reliability, confidence, and fragility; central to nurse-patient relationships and creating effective and successful caregiving relationships; Also crucial in developing cooperative relationships between nurses and in collaborative relationships between nurses and other health care disciplines (Daly, Speedy & Jackson, 2004, p. 351)Social Sciences: An expectation of beneficent reciprocity from others in risky situations (Foddy & Yamagishi, 2009, p. 17). Different degrees of intensity: 1) minimum expectations of regularity, reasonableness and efficiency 2) morally responsible and honorable conduct, fairness, and justice 3) altruism, disinterestedness, benevolence, and generosity (Smelser & Reed, 2012).Law/Business/Economics: A trust is a situation in which property is vested in someone (a trustee) who is under legally recognized obligations, at least some of which are of a proprietary kind, to handle it in a certain way, and to the exclusion of any personal interest. These obligations may arise either by conscious creation by the previous owner of the property (the settlor), or because some other legally significant circumstances are present (Gardner, 2011, p. 2)Computer Science: The level of confidence that an entity participating in a network system places on another entity of the same system for performing a given task (Furnell, Katsikas, & Lioy, 2008, p. 28). | Dalton, Charlee | confidence, hope, to depend upon, to deliver on credit, to place in one’s care, to permit something without fear, to believe, to rely on, or to extend credit torelationship between parties in which a trustee manages some property while a beneficiary receives benefits from that propertyreference to a business entity that is created to fix prices or create a monopoly, and an unincorporated business organizationfinancial institution or collective investment fundSynonyms: assign, entrust, task, charge, confer, impose, confide, allocate, authorize, empower, commit, consign, delegate, recommend, relegate, repose, allot, invest, and commission. Antonyms: retain, keep, reserve, withhold, possess, receive, occupy, take, and holdopportunity for autonomy, increased knowledge, cooperation, and “moral maturity” | Stella Lee | Decision making; honest and open communication; recognition; optimism; psychological condition; vulnerability; reliability; confident; positive expectations; perceived probabilities; “a psychological state comprising the intention to accept vulnerability based upon positive expectations of intentions or behavior of another” | Phuong Nguyen | According to Hupcey, Penrod, Morse, and Mitcham (2001), “Trust emerges from the identification of a need that cannot be met without the assistance of another and some assessment of the risk involved in relying on the other to meet this need. Trust is a willing dependency on another’s actions, but is limited to the area of need and is subject to overt and covert testing. The outcome of trust is an evaluation of the congruence between expectations of the trusted person and actions (p.290).PyschologyInterpersonal trust: An expectancy held by a group or individual that the word, promise or written communication of another can be relied upon” (Rotter, 1971). Expectation; reliance; risk; faith (Hupcey et al., 2001).MedicineTrust is defined as ‘the expectations of the public that those who serve them will perform there responsibilities in a technically proficient way (competence), that they will assume responsibility and not inappropriately defer to others (control), and that they will make their patients’ welfare their highest priority (agency)” (Hupcey et al., 2001). NursingBeing an expectation of something, having confidence in someone, and being involved with relationships.SociologyTwo expectations of trust: Technically competent performance and of fiduciary obligation and responsibility. Trust is no operationalized and measured; develops over time and influenced by personality traits or social experiences (Hupcey et al., 2001). | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Identify determining attributes of the concept : Note commonly reoccurring characteristics | Thi Bui | responsibility; benevolence/beneficent, confidence; positive relationships; expectations | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Transactional; respect; reciprocal; created incrementally; dynamic; cooperative behaviors; interdependence | Phuong Nguyen | Willingness, self, relationship, vulnerability, reliance, person, performance and expectation (Johns, 1996)Dependency on another individual to have a need met; choice or willingness to take some risk; an expectation that the trusted individual will behave in a certain way; limited focus to the area or behavior related to the need; and testing of the trustworthiness of the individual (Hupcey et al., 2001).
| Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Antecedents: events/incidents occurring prior to the concept | Thi Bui | 1) perceived characteristics of trustee: ability, benevolence, integrity; propensity to trust and an individual’s predisposition to trust (Gill, Boies, Finegan, & McNally, 2005) 2) prior evidence of reputable qualities in trustee 3) positive relations between individuals 4) Risk assessment | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Risk taking, shaped beliefs, willingness | Phuong Nguyen | Perceptions of competence, reliability, past experience and trustworthiness. (Johns, 1996)According to Hupcey et al. (2001): 1) A need that cannot be met without the help of another 2) Prior knowledge and/or experience with the other 3) Some assessment of risk or what is at stake(p.286)
| Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Consequences: events/incidents occurring as a result of the concept | Thi Bui | 1) An exchange of something of value2) Development of a relationship3) commitment4) risk-taking | Charlee Dalton | | Stella Lee | | Phuong Nguyen | PsychologyA number of negative outcomes can be associated with the absence of trust: Deliquency, difficulties in race relationships, absence of success in psychotherapy and learning, inadequate family relationships, and unhealthy personalities in children (Johns, 1996). According to Johns (1996), “The consequences for the core concept are reliazation of a rance of expected benefit, unanticipated results, and stable or varying levels of trust” (p. 81). | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | 8. Define an empirical referentHow we would measure our concept or determine the existence of the phenomena in real life | Thi Bui | credit; secret | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Collaboration; healthy work places; effective relationships; confidence; raises awareness; growth; frustration; disappointment; annoyance; healthy personalities; interpersonal relationships; reduce conflics; organizational lifeAmerican General Social Survey (GSS) - asking if they believed that most people can be trusted vs. no one can be trusted; using a 7-point likert scale with one end being “not at all” and the other “complete trust”; or survey “one can be trusted” with four categories (agree fully, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree fully)World Values Survey (WVS) for a more cross-cultural difference | Phuong Nguyen | Sharing of confidential information between truster and trustee; development of a long-term positive relationship between truster and trustee; and manifestations of willingness of the truster to maintain vulnerability towards the trustee (Johns, 1996). | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Why we chose it | Thi Bui | | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Increasingly recognized for its complexity and uncertaintyIt is constantly changing in our fast paced global business environmentCan be use strategically and impact the trust and distrust of relationships; involved in social science, economical, and psychological forms | Phuong Nguyen | It is an essential element of the nurse-patient relationship. | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | |
Daley, J., Speedy, S., & Jackson, D. (2004). Nursing Leadership. Marrickville, NSW: Elsevier.
Foddy, M., & Yamagishi, T. (2009). Group-based trust. in whom can we trust? how groups, networks, and institutions make trust possible. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
Oxford English Dictionary. (2012). Definition of trust. Retrieved from http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/trust
Gardner, S. (2011). An introduction to the law of trusts (3rd edition). New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc.
Gill, H., Boies, K., Finegan, J. E., & McNally, J. (2005). Antecedents of trust: establishing a boundary condition for the relation between propensity to trust and intention to trust. Journal of Business and Psychology, 19(3), 287-302. doi: 10.1007/s10869-004-2229-8
Hupcey, J. E., Penrod, J., Morse, J. M., & Mitcham, C. (2001). An exploration and advancement of the concept of trust. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 36, 282-293.
Johns J.(1996). A concept analysis of trust. Journal Of Advanced Nursing , 24(1): 76-83. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition
Furnell, S. M., Katsikas, S. K., & Lioy, A. (2008). Trust, privacy and security in digital business. Germany: Springer.
Smelser, N. J., & Reed, J. S. (2012). Usable social science. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.
one’s expectations will be met; Defining attributes: consistency, reliability, confidence, and fragility; central to nurse-patient relationships and creating effective and successful caregiving relationships; Also crucial in developing cooperative relationships between nurses and in collaborative relationships between nurses and other health care disciplines (Daly, Speedy & Jackson, 2004, p. 351)Social Sciences: An expectation of beneficent reciprocity from others in risky situations (Foddy & Yamagishi, 2009, p. 17). Different degrees of intensity: 1) minimum expectations of regularity, reasonableness and efficiency 2) morally responsible and honorable conduct, fairness, and justice 3) altruism, disinterestedness, benevolence, and generosity (Smelser & Reed, 2012).Law/Business/Economics: A trust is a situation in which property is vested in someone (a trustee) who is under legally recognized obligations, at least some of which are of a proprietary kind, to handle it in a certain way, and to the exclusion of any personal interest. These obligations may arise either by conscious creation by the previous owner of the property (the settlor), or because some other legally significant circumstances are present (Gardner, 2011, p. 2)Computer Science: The level of confidence that an entity participating in a network system places on another entity of the same system for performing a given task (Furnell, Katsikas, & Lioy, 2008, p. 28). | Dalton, Charlee | confidence, hope, to depend upon, to deliver on credit, to place in one’s care, to permit something without fear, to believe, to rely on, or to extend credit torelationship between parties in which a trustee manages some property while a beneficiary receives benefits from that propertyreference to a business entity that is created to fix prices or create a monopoly, and an unincorporated business organizationfinancial institution or collective investment fundSynonyms: assign, entrust, task, charge, confer, impose, confide, allocate, authorize, empower, commit, consign, delegate, recommend, relegate, repose, allot, invest, and commission. Antonyms: retain, keep, reserve, withhold, possess, receive, occupy, take, and holdopportunity for autonomy, increased knowledge, cooperation, and “moral maturity” | Stella Lee | Decision making; honest and open communication; recognition; optimism; psychological condition; vulnerability; reliability; confident; positive expectations; perceived probabilities; “a psychological state comprising the intention to accept vulnerability based upon positive expectations of intentions or behavior of another” | Phuong Nguyen | According to Hupcey, Penrod, Morse, and Mitcham (2001), “Trust emerges from the identification of a need that cannot be met without the assistance of another and some assessment of the risk involved in relying on the other to meet this need. Trust is a willing dependency on another’s actions, but is limited to the area of need and is subject to overt and covert testing. The outcome of trust is an evaluation of the congruence between expectations of the trusted person and actions (p.290).PyschologyInterpersonal trust: An expectancy held by a group or individual that the word, promise or written communication of another can be relied upon” (Rotter, 1971). Expectation; reliance; risk; faith (Hupcey et al., 2001).MedicineTrust is defined as ‘the expectations of the public that those who serve them will perform there responsibilities in a technically proficient way (competence), that they will assume responsibility and not inappropriately defer to others (control), and that they will make their patients’ welfare their highest priority (agency)” (Hupcey et al., 2001). NursingBeing an expectation of something, having confidence in someone, and being involved with relationships.SociologyTwo expectations of trust: Technically competent performance and of fiduciary obligation and responsibility. Trust is no operationalized and measured; develops over time and influenced by personality traits or social experiences (Hupcey et al., 2001). | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Identify determining attributes of the concept : Note commonly reoccurring characteristics | Thi Bui | responsibility; benevolence/beneficent, confidence; positive relationships; expectations | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Transactional; respect; reciprocal; created incrementally; dynamic; cooperative behaviors; interdependence | Phuong Nguyen | Willingness, self, relationship, vulnerability, reliance, person, performance and expectation (Johns, 1996)Dependency on another individual to have a need met; choice or willingness to take some risk; an expectation that the trusted individual will behave in a certain way; limited focus to the area or behavior related to the need; and testing of the trustworthiness of the individual (Hupcey et al., 2001).
| Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Antecedents: events/incidents occurring prior to the concept | Thi Bui | 1) perceived characteristics of trustee: ability, benevolence, integrity; propensity to trust and an individual’s predisposition to trust (Gill, Boies, Finegan, & McNally, 2005) 2) prior evidence of reputable qualities in trustee 3) positive relations between individuals 4) Risk assessment | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Risk taking, shaped beliefs, willingness | Phuong Nguyen | Perceptions of competence, reliability, past experience and trustworthiness. (Johns, 1996)According to Hupcey et al. (2001): 1) A need that cannot be met without the help of another 2) Prior knowledge and/or experience with the other 3) Some assessment of risk or what is at stake(p.286)
| Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Consequences: events/incidents occurring as a result of the concept | Thi Bui | 1) An exchange of something of value2) Development of a relationship3) commitment4) risk-taking | Charlee Dalton | | Stella Lee | | Phuong Nguyen | PsychologyA number of negative outcomes can be associated with the absence of trust: Deliquency, difficulties in race relationships, absence of success in psychotherapy and learning, inadequate family relationships, and unhealthy personalities in children (Johns, 1996). According to Johns (1996), “The consequences for the core concept are reliazation of a rance of expected benefit, unanticipated results, and stable or varying levels of trust” (p. 81). | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | 8. Define an empirical referentHow we would measure our concept or determine the existence of the phenomena in real life | Thi Bui | credit; secret | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Collaboration; healthy work places; effective relationships; confidence; raises awareness; growth; frustration; disappointment; annoyance; healthy personalities; interpersonal relationships; reduce conflics; organizational lifeAmerican General Social Survey (GSS) - asking if they believed that most people can be trusted vs. no one can be trusted; using a 7-point likert scale with one end being “not at all” and the other “complete trust”; or survey “one can be trusted” with four categories (agree fully, agree somewhat, disagree somewhat, disagree fully)World Values Survey (WVS) for a more cross-cultural difference | Phuong Nguyen | Sharing of confidential information between truster and trustee; development of a long-term positive relationship between truster and trustee; and manifestations of willingness of the truster to maintain vulnerability towards the trustee (Johns, 1996). | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | | Why we chose it | Thi Bui | | Dalton, Charlee | | Stella Lee | Increasingly recognized for its complexity and uncertaintyIt is constantly changing in our fast paced global business environmentCan be use strategically and impact the trust and distrust of relationships; involved in social science, economical, and psychological forms | Phuong Nguyen | It is an essential element of the nurse-patient relationship. | Sarah Northcutt | | Janelle Pascua | | Teryn Stone | | Raisa K. Vega | |
Daley, J., Speedy, S., & Jackson, D. (2004). Nursing Leadership. Marrickville, NSW: Elsevier.
Foddy, M., & Yamagishi, T. (2009). Group-based trust. in whom can we trust? how groups, networks, and institutions make trust possible. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation.
Oxford English Dictionary. (2012). Definition of trust. Retrieved from http://oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/trust
Gardner, S. (2011). An introduction to the law of trusts (3rd edition). New York, NY: Oxford University Press Inc.
Gill, H., Boies, K., Finegan, J. E., & McNally, J. (2005). Antecedents of trust: establishing a boundary condition for the relation between propensity to trust and intention to trust. Journal of Business and Psychology, 19(3), 287-302. doi: 10.1007/s10869-004-2229-8
Hupcey, J. E., Penrod, J., Morse, J. M., & Mitcham, C. (2001). An exploration and advancement of the concept of trust. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 36, 282-293.
Johns J.(1996). A concept analysis of trust. Journal Of Advanced Nursing , 24(1): 76-83. Available from: Health Source: Nursing/Academic Edition
Furnell, S. M., Katsikas, S. K., & Lioy, A. (2008). Trust, privacy and security in digital business. Germany: Springer.
Smelser, N. J., & Reed, J. S. (2012). Usable social science. Los Angeles, CA: University of California Press.