PSY 360 Study Guide
Problems studying cognition
: Use cognition to study cognition
Introspection
: Wudnt introspection of cognition
When you look inward and make ideas, old school of psychology, describe what feeling from inside, not measurable; can’t just give accounts of feelings, not scientific
Behaviorists
: Know inputs/outputs (unknown between)
Falls apart because the in between (behaviors) is unknown
Definition of learning
Types of learning: Classical, Operant, Modeling
Classical conditioning
:
Generalization, Association, Food aversion (breaks rules), innate
reflex responses, the sight or smell of food (the unconditioned stimulus) causes the dog to salivate (the unconditioned response)… a neutral stimulus causes nothing, to condition the dog to respond to the neutral stimulus à present the neutral stimulus, immediately follow it with food, repeat
Is limited because requires innate response. It is contextual
Operant conditioning
:
Positive/Negative reinforcement behaviors. reward>increases good
behavior and punishment>decreases bad behavior.
B.F. Skinner
Condition response >Neutral > Conditioned stimulus.. definition: a learning process where the frequency of a behavior is modified by the consequences of the behavior
Associative learning,
John B Watson, “Albert,” associating a certain object (rat, bunny, furry object) with a response (fear)
Cognitive learning,
Ivan Pavlov,
Classical conditioning; started new line of research: unique feature: automatic/innate reflex/response which mostly affects your likes and dislikes
Pavlov’s dog
: Conditioned dog to expect food after ringing bell
Blocking,
The inability of an animal to be conditioned to a stimulus because before an association can be formed a new stimulus is introduced which blocks the association of the original 2 stimuli.
B. F. Skinner,
Wait until action is made and then reward or punish it.
Operant the use of reward and punishment to generate a
: Use cognition to study cognition
Introspection
: Wudnt introspection of cognition
When you look inward and make ideas, old school of psychology, describe what feeling from inside, not measurable; can’t just give accounts of feelings, not scientific
Behaviorists
: Know inputs/outputs (unknown between)
Falls apart because the in between (behaviors) is unknown
Definition of learning
Types of learning: Classical, Operant, Modeling
Classical conditioning
:
Generalization, Association, Food aversion (breaks rules), innate
reflex responses, the sight or smell of food (the unconditioned stimulus) causes the dog to salivate (the unconditioned response)… a neutral stimulus causes nothing, to condition the dog to respond to the neutral stimulus à present the neutral stimulus, immediately follow it with food, repeat
Is limited because requires innate response. It is contextual
Operant conditioning
:
Positive/Negative reinforcement behaviors. reward>increases good
behavior and punishment>decreases bad behavior.
B.F. Skinner
Condition response >Neutral > Conditioned stimulus.. definition: a learning process where the frequency of a behavior is modified by the consequences of the behavior
Associative learning,
John B Watson, “Albert,” associating a certain object (rat, bunny, furry object) with a response (fear)
Cognitive learning,
Ivan Pavlov,
Classical conditioning; started new line of research: unique feature: automatic/innate reflex/response which mostly affects your likes and dislikes
Pavlov’s dog
: Conditioned dog to expect food after ringing bell
Blocking,
The inability of an animal to be conditioned to a stimulus because before an association can be formed a new stimulus is introduced which blocks the association of the original 2 stimuli.
B. F. Skinner,
Wait until action is made and then reward or punish it.
Operant the use of reward and punishment to generate a