Pronoun and Noun Phrase
Exercise 1 Divide the following sentences into constituents by putting slant lines (/) between the constituents. Try to replace constituents by a shorter phrase, or just one word.
1. Her eldest son/ hates/ mock turtle soup. he hates it
2. The examples/ given here/ show that /constituents/ can be/
very long.
it given here show that it can be very long
3. That young hooligan (he)/ should have offered/ the old lady in
the grey coat (her)/ his seat (it).
4. In England,/ French food (it)/ is regarded as sophisticated and
elegant.
5. In his speech of 1884 (in it)/the then British Prime Minister (he)/, Lord
Roseberry,/ discussed/ the British Empire (it).
6. Several people (they)/ have been (were) injured/ in a train crash (there).
7 Supporters/ of the use/ of modern English (it)/ in church/ have
many arguments.
8. A private museum/ of old motorcars (it)/ was founded/ by Lord
Montagu/ in 1952 (then)/ in memory/ of his father (of him),/ an early
motorcar enthusiast.
9. We/ are sitting/ in heavy silence/ in the editing suite (in it)/ lent to
us/ by Granada Television (by it).
10. Last year's teachers' boycott (when)/ of national curriculum testing (it)/
must have been (was it)/ the most successful piece of industrial
action (of that)/ in years (when).
Exercise 2
Familiarize yourself with the word-class labels in English and Dutch (see section 6), and try to determine to which word-class the words in the examples in section 1 c. belong.
those, weak, to speak, with
(demonstrative pronoun, adjective, lexical verb, preposition
She made a sign pers. pronoun lex ind. art. noun
She signed a lettre pers. pronoun lex. ind. art. noun
this is a hard sign dem. pronoun lex. ind. art. noun
they worked hard pers. pronoun lex. adverb 9because it says something about work)
Snow white had an evil stepmother noun lex. indef. art. adj. noun
They discussed the evils of the western world pers. pr. lex. def. art.
1. Her eldest son/ hates/ mock turtle soup. he hates it
2. The examples/ given here/ show that /constituents/ can be/
very long.
it given here show that it can be very long
3. That young hooligan (he)/ should have offered/ the old lady in
the grey coat (her)/ his seat (it).
4. In England,/ French food (it)/ is regarded as sophisticated and
elegant.
5. In his speech of 1884 (in it)/the then British Prime Minister (he)/, Lord
Roseberry,/ discussed/ the British Empire (it).
6. Several people (they)/ have been (were) injured/ in a train crash (there).
7 Supporters/ of the use/ of modern English (it)/ in church/ have
many arguments.
8. A private museum/ of old motorcars (it)/ was founded/ by Lord
Montagu/ in 1952 (then)/ in memory/ of his father (of him),/ an early
motorcar enthusiast.
9. We/ are sitting/ in heavy silence/ in the editing suite (in it)/ lent to
us/ by Granada Television (by it).
10. Last year's teachers' boycott (when)/ of national curriculum testing (it)/
must have been (was it)/ the most successful piece of industrial
action (of that)/ in years (when).
Exercise 2
Familiarize yourself with the word-class labels in English and Dutch (see section 6), and try to determine to which word-class the words in the examples in section 1 c. belong.
those, weak, to speak, with
(demonstrative pronoun, adjective, lexical verb, preposition
She made a sign pers. pronoun lex ind. art. noun
She signed a lettre pers. pronoun lex. ind. art. noun
this is a hard sign dem. pronoun lex. ind. art. noun
they worked hard pers. pronoun lex. adverb 9because it says something about work)
Snow white had an evil stepmother noun lex. indef. art. adj. noun
They discussed the evils of the western world pers. pr. lex. def. art.