Poverty Dynamics of Female-Headed Households in Pakistan: Evidence from Pihs 2000-01 and Pslm 2004-05
PIDE Working Papers 2011: 80
Poverty Dynamics of Female-headed Households in Pakistan: Evidence from PIHS 2000-01 and PSLM 2004-05
Umer Khalid
Pakistan Microfinance Network, Islamabad
and Sajjad Akhtar
Centre for Research on Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution, Islamabad
PAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ISLAMABAD
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise—without prior permission of the Publications Division, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, P. O. Box 1091, Islamabad 44000. © Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, 2011.
Pakistan Institute of Development Economics Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail: publications@pide.org.pk Website: http://www.pide.org.pk Fax: +92-51-9248065 Designed, composed, and finished at the Publications Division, PIDE.
CONTENTS Page Abstract I. Introduction II. Literature Review III. Comparative Profile of FHHS Socio-economic Status IV. Summary and Policy Implications Appendix References List of Tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Household Indicators of Poverty (Weighted and Head of Households between the Ages 15–60) FHHs: Descriptive Statistics (Entire Sample) FHHs: Descriptive Statistics (Below vs. Above Poverty 2000-01) FHHs: Descriptive Statistics (Below vs. Above Poverty 2004-05) FHHs Living Below Poverty: T-test for Differences in SES Characteristics (2000-01 and 2004-05) Probit Estimates for Female Heads Living Below/Above Poverty Line between 2000-01 and 2004-2005 v 1 2 5 12 13 15
6 7 8 9 9 10
ABSTRACT The paper attempts to empirically test a naïve version of what is rather stylistically termed as “feminisation of poverty”, using the sub-sample of female -headed households (FHHs) from two household surveys in Pakistan. Although, the database is constrained by quality factors and small sample
Poverty Dynamics of Female-headed Households in Pakistan: Evidence from PIHS 2000-01 and PSLM 2004-05
Umer Khalid
Pakistan Microfinance Network, Islamabad
and Sajjad Akhtar
Centre for Research on Poverty Reduction and Income Distribution, Islamabad
PAKISTAN INSTITUTE OF DEVELOPMENT ECONOMICS ISLAMABAD
All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means—electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise—without prior permission of the Publications Division, Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, P. O. Box 1091, Islamabad 44000. © Pakistan Institute of Development Economics, 2011.
Pakistan Institute of Development Economics Islamabad, Pakistan E-mail: publications@pide.org.pk Website: http://www.pide.org.pk Fax: +92-51-9248065 Designed, composed, and finished at the Publications Division, PIDE.
CONTENTS Page Abstract I. Introduction II. Literature Review III. Comparative Profile of FHHS Socio-economic Status IV. Summary and Policy Implications Appendix References List of Tables Table 1. Table 2. Table 3. Table 4. Table 5. Table 6. Household Indicators of Poverty (Weighted and Head of Households between the Ages 15–60) FHHs: Descriptive Statistics (Entire Sample) FHHs: Descriptive Statistics (Below vs. Above Poverty 2000-01) FHHs: Descriptive Statistics (Below vs. Above Poverty 2004-05) FHHs Living Below Poverty: T-test for Differences in SES Characteristics (2000-01 and 2004-05) Probit Estimates for Female Heads Living Below/Above Poverty Line between 2000-01 and 2004-2005 v 1 2 5 12 13 15
6 7 8 9 9 10
ABSTRACT The paper attempts to empirically test a naïve version of what is rather stylistically termed as “feminisation of poverty”, using the sub-sample of female -headed households (FHHs) from two household surveys in Pakistan. Although, the database is constrained by quality factors and small sample
References: 2 1 4 In case of Pakistan, Mohiuddin (1989) examined the extent of poverty amo ng a sample of 100 domestic female servants in the city of Karachi, using five different definitions of household headship7