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R E F E R E N C E PA G E 1

ALGEBRA
Cut here and keep for reference

GEOMETRY
Geometric Formulas a b a b c d c d a b ad bd d c ad bc bc Formulas for area A, circumference C, and volume V: Triangle A
1 2 1 2

Arithmetic Operations ab a b c c a b ab c b ac

Circle A C r2 2 r

Sector of Circle A s
1 2

bh ab sin

r2 in radians

r

Exponents and Radicals x mx n x m n

a

h r b ¨

r

s

xm x mn n

x xn x

m

¨

xm 1 xn n n

r

n

xy x1 n

n

x nyn n sx

x y xm n n xn yn n sx m

Sphere V 4 r3 3

Cylinder V r 2h

Cone V 1 r 2h 3 A rsr 2 h2

(sx ) m n A

4 r2 r r

n sxy

n n sx sy

x y

n sx n sy

Factoring Special Polynomials x2 x3 x3 y2 y3 y3 x x x y x y x2 y x2 y xy xy y2 y2

h r

h

Distance and Midpoint Formulas Binomial Theorem x x x x y y y y
2 3 3

Distance between P1 x1, y1 and P2 x 2, y2 : y2 3xy 2 3xy 2 nn 2 n n k k x y k y3 y3 1 x n 2y2 nxy n 1 k
1

x2 x3 x3 xn

2xy 3x 2 y 3x 2 y nx n 1y

x

y

2

x2

2xy

y2 d s x2 x1
2

y2

y1

2

n

Midpoint of P1 P2 :

x1 2

x 2 y1 ,

y2 2

yn

Lines
Slope of line through P1 x1, y1 and P2 x 2, y2 : m y2 x2 y1 x1

n where k

nn

1 n 1 2 3

k

Quadratic Formula
If ax 2 bx c 0, then x b sb 2 2a 4ac .

Point-slope equation of line through P1 x1, y1 with slope m: y y1 mx x1

Inequalities and Absolute Value
If a If a If a If a If a b and b b, then a b and c b and c 0, then x x x a means a means a means x x a a or x a or a x a x a c, then a c b c. c. cb. cb.

Slope-intercept equation of line with slope m and y-intercept b: y mx b

0, then ca 0, then ca

Circles
Equation of the circle with center h, k and radius r: x h
2

y

k

2

r2

R E F E R E N C E PA G E 2

TRIGONOMETRY
Angle Measurement radians 1 s r in radians cot 1 hyp ¨ adj

Fundamental Identities r ¨ r s

180 rad 1 rad 180

csc tan

1 sin sin cos 1 tan tan 2 sec 2 sin tan

sec