Preview

Indians of the American Revolution (History 101)

Powerful Essays
Open Document
Open Document
2634 Words
Grammar
Grammar
Plagiarism
Plagiarism
Writing
Writing
Score
Score
Indians of the American Revolution (History 101)
Indians of the American Revolution

During the war for independence, the colonists receive support from the Spanish and the French to fight against the British. The Indian tribes of North America were also very involved in the fight and much like the American Civil War, some tribes were split; Indian brothers fought against brothers. Some smaller tribes supported the colonists however; the larger alliances supported Great Britain because of their commitment to recognize their sovereignty.
From 1754 to 1763, England and the American colonies fought against France and their Indian allies, which eventually became worldwide. The French and Indian war was actually a series of wars that took place in North America overland that both the French and the British claimed. The Indian tribes fought against the American colonists because of their encroachment onto their land; however, the Iroquois remained loyal to the British and help defeat French.
The Proclamation of 1763 was one of the acts imposed by King George III of Great Britain on the colonies in America. This proclamation was to prohibit the expansion of the colonists into the western territories and declared the Appalachian Mountain chain as off-limits; these lands were reserved for the Indian nations. From 1763 to 1775, a series of boundaries were set between the Indians of the interior and the colonists. These were the result of the treaties made between Great Britain and the in the Indian nations. The boundaries extend it from Lake Ontario down to Florida. Regardless of the treaties the colonists continued to move West beyond the mountains into the Ohio River Valley (Washburn and Utley 1977).
1774 was the beginning of the breakdown of the arrangements between the Indians and the seaboard colonists. Lord Dunmore, the Royal Governor of Virginia, wished to reoccupy the abandoned Fort Pitt, located in western Pennsylvania. This resulted in a war against the Shawnees and Delaware tribes. This also resulted



Bibliography: Congress, Library of. Two Continental Congress Addresses to the Six Nations, 1776, 1777. 1776. Http://frontiers.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpedu/features/timeline/amrev/homefrnt/nations.html (accessed 01 08, 2011). Edmunds, R. David. American Indian leaders: studies in diversity. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1980. Foreman, Carolyn Thomas. "Alexander McGillivray, Emperor of the Creeks." Cronicles of Oklahoma. Oklahoma: Oklahoma Historical Society, 1929. 106-120. Graymont, Barabara. Iroquois in the American Revolution. Syracuse, New York: Saracuse University, 1972. Mann, Diane K. Native American Historic Context for the United States Military Academy. Research, Construction Engineering Research Laboratory, West Point: US Army Corps of Engineers, Engineer Research and Development Center, 2006. Nash, Gary B. "The American Revolution in Red and Black." Phi Kappa Phi Forum, 2006: 21,22. Pettus, Louise. "Fort Mill Downtown Association." Fort Mill, South Carolina. http://www.movefortmillforward.com/catawba_indians_rev_war.pdf (accessed 01 20, 2011). The Doctrine of Discovery and U.S. Expansion. http://www.adl.org/education/curriculum_connections/Doctrine_of_Discovery.asp (accessed 01 19, 2011). Walling, Richard S. Nimham 's Indian Company of 1778. http://www.americanrevolution.org/ind2.html (accessed 01 18, 2011). Washburn, Wilcomb E., and Robert Marshall Utley. The American Heritage History of the Indian Wars . New York: American Heritage Pubishing Company, 1977.

You May Also Find These Documents Helpful

  • Good Essays

    In 1756 the two original countries declared war on each other, it later went from a regional conflict into a world-wide one. In 1757 British campaigns failed, an expedition against Louisbourg and the Siege of Fort William Henry then the Indian torture and massacres of British victims caused the British government to fall. William Pitt came to power and significantly increased British military resources in the colonies. At a time when France was unwilling to risk large convoys to help the limited forces it had in New France, it concentrated its forces against Prussia and its allies in the European warfare. Between 1758 and 1760, the British…

    • 392 Words
    • 2 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    [2] John Tebbel & Keith Jennison, The American Indian Wars (Edison, NJ: Castle Books, 2006), 166.…

    • 5055 Words
    • 21 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    As more colonists from Britain began to settle in the colonies, more land was needed to accommodate the larger number of people. In the past, disputes with Indians have been caused by the colonists’ need for land, and its resources, which the Indians needed as well. The Indians would either peacefully move inland, or fight back violently. As King George wanted the Ohio River Valley that France occupied, he sent Washington and his troops to occupy the Ohio River region to claim his presence, thus the competition for the territory, which evolved into the French and Indian War. The French and Indian War was a turning point in American history, for the colonists and colonial affairs were strictly monitored unlike before, and treaties with Indians…

    • 735 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Forced Founders

    • 1004 Words
    • 3 Pages

    The Native American tribes in the Western frontier played a major role in the Virginia revolutionary movement. The elite Virginian gentry?s desire for Western Native American lands rapidly grew in the mid-eighteenth century. The wealthy Virginians made many attempts to attain these lands and the Native Americans resisted hard to defend what their land. Furthermore, the British government was more accommodating to the Natives than the Virginians wished. Parliament was careful not to incense native tribes for fear of a costly war or rebellion. A British official exclaimed that Indian rebellions (specifically Pontiac?s Rebellion) were ?expensive and destructive to his Majesty?s Subjects.? For example, in October 1768, the British imposed the Treaty of Hard Labor, which resulted in the Cherokee Indians retaining land that Virginian Thomas Jefferson had claimed. Two more major British treaties enraged the Virginia land speculators. The treaty of Easton in 1758 decreed all lands west of the Appalachian Mountains to the Indians. This treaty caused problems for many speculators and farming companies. However, the major calamity to the Virginian gentry was the Proclamation of 1763. Although the proclamation did little to stop settlers from…

    • 1004 Words
    • 3 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Our Savage Neighbors

    • 1919 Words
    • 8 Pages

    Our Savage Neighbors: How Indian War Transformed Early America. Author: Peter Silver. Publisher: W. W. Norton & Company New York (2008)…

    • 1919 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Good Essays

    Mayas and Aztecs were polytheistic and believed in sacrifices. The Timuquans and Natchez worshiped the sun. All the tribes got married to the person the family picked for them.…

    • 1890 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Good Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Cree vs Iroquois

    • 1280 Words
    • 6 Pages

    The Cree and the Iroquois have a lot in common. Both the Cree and the Iroquois have gone through the routine Native American problems of self-determination and land controls, yet the Cree, possibly because of their sheer numbers, have weathered these problems much better. The Cree language is one of the few North American languages likely to survive into the next century, while the Iroquois Indians have been much more assimilated into the American world.…

    • 1280 Words
    • 6 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    Reagan Interview

    • 941 Words
    • 4 Pages

    References: Brinkley, A. (2012). American History (14th ed.). Retrieved from The University of Phoenix eBook Collection database.…

    • 941 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The French and Indian War was fought by many countries including England. England and France were fighting to have more control of the land in “North America, the Caribbean, and in India” (ushistory.org, 2012, paragraph 1). After many years of war, England won the war but the financial cost exceeded their available funds. England’s deficit led to increased laws and taxes on the colonies. “It was that debt that caused the escalation of tensions leading to the Revolutionary War” (ushistory.org, 2012, The French and Indian War, paragraph 1).…

    • 1943 Words
    • 8 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Better Essays

    The Cherokee are perhaps one of the most interesting of Native American Groups. Their life and culture are closely intertwined with early American settlers and the history of our own nation 's struggle for freedom. In the interest of promoting tolerance and peace, and with regard to the United States government 's handling of Native affairs, their story is one that is painful, stoic, and must not be forgotten.…

    • 3023 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Better Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    HIS206

    • 1484 Words
    • 4 Pages

    Wittstock, L. W., & Salinas, E. J. (n.d.). A Brief History of the American Indian Movement. Retrieved from http://www.aimovement.org/ggc/history.html…

    • 1484 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    American Indian Movement

    • 3085 Words
    • 13 Pages

    Native Americans have felt distress from societal and governmental interactions for hundreds of years. American Indian protests against these pressures date back to the colonial period. Broken treaties, removal policies, acculturation, and assimilation have scarred the indigenous societies of the United States. These policies and the continued oppression of the native communities produced an atmosphere of heightened tension. Governmental pressure for assimilation and their apparent aim to destroy cultures, communities, and identities through policies gave the native people a reason to fight. The unanticipated consequence was the subsequent creation of a pan-American Indian identity of the 1960s. These factors combined with poverty, racism, and prolonged discrimination fueled a resentment that had been present in Indian communities for many years. In 1968, the formation of the American Indian Movement took place to tackle the situation and position of Native Americans in society. This movement gave way to a series of radical protests, which were designed to draw awareness to the concerns of American Indians and to compel the federal government to act on their behalf. The movement's major events were the occupation of Alcatraz, Mount Rushmore, The Trail of Broken Treaties, and Wounded Knee II. These AIM efforts in the 1960s and 1970s era of protest contained many sociological theories that helped and hindered the Native Americans success. The Governments continued repression of the Native Americans assisted in the more radicalized approach of the American Indian Movement. Radical tactics combined with media attention stained the AIM and their effectiveness. Native militancy became a repertoire of action along with adopted strategies from the Civil Rights Movement. In this essay, I will explain the formation of AIM and their major events, while revealing that this identity based social movement's…

    • 3085 Words
    • 13 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    Thesis: Modern Native American traditions reflect the history of struggle, strife and triumph they experienced in history.…

    • 1021 Words
    • 5 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Powerful Essays

    The Boston Tea Party

    • 1509 Words
    • 7 Pages

    Cave, Alfred A. The French and Indian War. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press, 2004. Web. 12 February 2010.…

    • 1509 Words
    • 7 Pages
    Powerful Essays
  • Good Essays

    Disaster in the Forest

    • 960 Words
    • 4 Pages

    This general was, I think, a brave man, and might probably have made a figure as a good officer in some European war. But he had too much self-confidence, too high an opinion of the validity of regular troops, and too mean a one of both Americans and Indians. George Croghan, our Indian interpreter, join’d him on his march with one hundred of those people, who might have been of great use to his army as guides, scouts, etc., if he had treated them kindly; but he slighted and neglected them, and they gradually left him.…

    • 960 Words
    • 4 Pages
    Good Essays