Fable
MINISTRY OF EDUCATION, SCIENCE, YOUTH AND SPORTS OF UKRAINE
IVAN FRANKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LVIV
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
LINGUISTIC PECULARITIES OF ENGLISH-AMERICAN FABLE
Graduation paper presented by
Patskal Natalia a fifth year student of the English department
SUPERVISED BY
N. Nera a lecturer of the English department
Lviv 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...3
Part I. Theoretical background of fable as a genre ………………………………….6
1.1. Genre of fable in literature and its history…………………………………………..6
1.2. Form and content of fables.......................................................................................11
1.3. The main characteristics of fables ………………………………………………...15
1.4. History of English and American fable……………………………………………18
Part II. Means of actualizing irony in English-American fable of 18th and 19th centuries ……………………………………………………………………………
2.1. Satirical irony of English-American fables of 18 century……………….……24
2.2. Humorous irony of English – American fables of 19 century ……………….36
2.3. Comparative table of English – American fables of 18-19 century ………….45
Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………….48
Summary ……………………………………………………………………………….52
References ………………………………………………………………….……….. 53
Introduction
Fable is a short tale that illustrates universal truth, and is one of the simplest of narratives. It sketches a setting, describes an action, and shows the results. It often involves a characters who face a moral dilemma, or make a questionable decision and then suffer from the consequences. A fable generally relates a single, simple, consistent action, without extraneous detail or distracting circumstances [19; 113-131].
Fables have been used in a variety of social contexts, such as pedagogical, therapeutic or religious, usually for the purpose of teaching or reaffirming a moral value. The close study of the internal structure of such type of texts is therefore a valuable aid to teachers,
IVAN FRANKO NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF LVIV
ENGLISH DEPARTMENT
LINGUISTIC PECULARITIES OF ENGLISH-AMERICAN FABLE
Graduation paper presented by
Patskal Natalia a fifth year student of the English department
SUPERVISED BY
N. Nera a lecturer of the English department
Lviv 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Introduction……………………………………………………………………………...3
Part I. Theoretical background of fable as a genre ………………………………….6
1.1. Genre of fable in literature and its history…………………………………………..6
1.2. Form and content of fables.......................................................................................11
1.3. The main characteristics of fables ………………………………………………...15
1.4. History of English and American fable……………………………………………18
Part II. Means of actualizing irony in English-American fable of 18th and 19th centuries ……………………………………………………………………………
2.1. Satirical irony of English-American fables of 18 century……………….……24
2.2. Humorous irony of English – American fables of 19 century ……………….36
2.3. Comparative table of English – American fables of 18-19 century ………….45
Conclusions…………………………………………………………………………….48
Summary ……………………………………………………………………………….52
References ………………………………………………………………….……….. 53
Introduction
Fable is a short tale that illustrates universal truth, and is one of the simplest of narratives. It sketches a setting, describes an action, and shows the results. It often involves a characters who face a moral dilemma, or make a questionable decision and then suffer from the consequences. A fable generally relates a single, simple, consistent action, without extraneous detail or distracting circumstances [19; 113-131].
Fables have been used in a variety of social contexts, such as pedagogical, therapeutic or religious, usually for the purpose of teaching or reaffirming a moral value. The close study of the internal structure of such type of texts is therefore a valuable aid to teachers,
References: 1. Главацька Ю. Л. Композиційно –смислова структура англомовної байки Ж лінгвокогнітивний аспект. Автореф. дис. канд. філол. наук /Главацька Юлія Леонідівна. – Харків, 2008. – 23 c. 2 3. Ade George, Forty Modern Fables.- Boston: Accent, 1901. – 203 p. 4 5. Gay J. The Fables, Volume 1.- London . 1989.-380p. 6. GayJ. TheHareandManyFriends // Английская поэзия в русских переводах (XIV−XIX века) / GayJ. : Сост. М. П. Алексеев ; на англ. и рус. яз. / М. П. Алексеев, В. В. Захаров, Б. Б. Томашевский. – М. : Прогресс, 1981.-312p. 7. Harvey, V.A. A Handbook of Literary Terms/ V. A. Harvey. - New York: The Macmillan Company, 1964.-201 p. 8 9. Macmillan English dictionary for advanced learners. London. 2004.- 987 p. 10 11. Nygren, A. Eros and Agape: A Handbook of Christian Theology/ A. Nygren. - Cleveland, Ohio: World Publising Company, 1958. – 101 p. 12 13. Sowder, W. Faulkner and Existentialism: A Note on the Generalissimo/ W. Sowder. - New York: Farrer, Straus and Giroux, 1968-167p. 16. Vieth D. M. John Dryden/ All for love.- Unites States of America, 1972.-251p. 17. Weir H. Favourite fables in prose and verse.-London , 2007.-407p. 18. W. H. Kearley Wright, F. R. The fables of John Gay/ A new edittion.-London and New York, 1889.-328p. 19. Wilder, A. Theology and Modern Literature/ A. Wilder. - Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1958. -131p. Internet sources