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Efectele Evaziunii Fiscale in Romania

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Efectele Evaziunii Fiscale in Romania
EFECTELE EVAZIUNII FISCALE ÎN ROMÂNIA

Abstract-In this paper we have made a presentation of the effects of tax evasion in the case of Romania. Tax evasion leads to several undesirable outcomes and has the potential to adversely affect financial, economic, social and political area, influencing budgetary balance, political decisions and taxpayer behaviour. To emphasize the negative impact of this phenomenon we have analyzed the influence of tax evasion on state budget fiscal revenues and on local budget fiscal revenues. We have demonstrated that a higher degree of tax evasion leads to a decrease in fiscal revenues.

1.Evaziunea fiscală Odată cu apariţia statului a apărut şi fenomenul evaziunii fiscale.Din dorinţa omului de a evita diminuarea averii sau a banilor câştigaţi au luat naştere diferitele forme de sustragere de la plata impozitelor,contribuţiilor şi taxelor datorate statului. Fenomenul evaziunii fiscale este prezent în toate statele lumii cunoscând o creştere alarmantă.Cu toate că o eliminare completă a acestui fenomen este practic imposibilă se încearcă limitarea lui de către puterile publice.În legatură cu acest aspect există voci care vorbesc despre existenţa unui scop pozitiv al evaziunii fiscale şi anume, stimularea acumulării de capital.Din punctul nostru de vedere, evaziunea fiscală are implicaţii negative atât asupra statului cât şi asupra contribuabililor. Duverger (1965) afirma că evaziunea fiscală „desemnează ansamblul manifestărilor de fugă din faţa impozitului”.Este o apreciere care lasă să se interpreteze „fuga din faţa impozitului” fie prin modalitatea de interpretare a legii prin folosirea lacunelor şi carenţelor sale,fie prin evitarea plăţii impozitelor sau taxelor în mod fraudulos,prin încălcarea legii. Hoanţă (1997) considera că: ”există un singur fenomen care aduce atingere veniturilor fiscale ale bugetului de stat, acela al evaziunii fiscale care, în funcţie de raportul faţă de lege al acţiunii de

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