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Chapter 25 Notes

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Chapter 25 Notes
Sean McHugh
AP World History
Cox, Period 5

Chapter 25 Notes

Retreat from Democracy: Dictatorial Regimes
Few democratic states. Rise of fascism. Many other countries adopt authoritarian states

Stepping Back from Democracy
Mass politics helps spread democracy through Europe but war slows it. Causes distrust in it
Societies badly divided. Working class strong, middle class not
Women forced out of jobs after war. Have no husbands, must work. Population worries
Great Depression makes it worse. Politics emphasize conflict. Support Commies/Fascists
Totalitarian state= government control overt all aspects of life
New states expected loyalty and commitment to goals. Used mass propaganda and high speed communication to conquer minds of subjects
Modern totalitarian state led by single leader/party. Individual freedom subordinate

Birth of Fascism
Mussolini has first successful fascist movement in Europe (Italy). Fascist party supported by middle class workers and large landowners.
Squadristi= armed fascists formed to attack socialist offices/newspapers
1926- Government hold press laws, ability to dissolve any parties, unlawful arrests
Police in Italy weren’t as impressive, efficient, brutal as Nazi Police
Simple propaganda. Tried to indoctrinate young people with ideals (Young Fascists)
Women supposed to be baby/home makers. Family= basic pillar of state
Mussolini never achieved as much control as Stalin/Hitler

Hitler and Nazi Germany
Hitler tried to take power in Germany but failed. However he gained national attention and 10 years later, he had taken complete power
Hitler and the Early Nazi Party
Hitler joined/controlled German Workers Party renamed Nazis. It then developed into a mass political movement with own police force. (SA)
Hitler staged Beer Hall Putsch to spark revolution, failed. Sentenced to prison
Wrote “My Struggle” in prison. Realized he would come to power constitutionally only
“Extreme German
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