Investigating Chemical Equilibrium Date: 30th April 2013 Due Date: 15th May 2013 Prepared For: M. Seraji Prepared by: Andrea Odunze Abstract Many reactions proceed to a state of equilibrium. A chemical reaction at equilibrium‚ where the rates of the forward reaction and reverse reaction are equal‚ looks like this: A + B AB There are three factors‚ according to Le Chatelier’s principle‚ that affect the equilibrium position and equilibrium constant. These are the concentrations of products
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its (conjugate acid) Carbonic acid was used. The purpose of the experiment was to test the capacity of an undiluted and diluted buffer solution as well as examining the buffering capacity of distilled water using measured concentrations of NaOH and HCL. These replacements of strong acids and bases for weaker ones give buffers their ability to moderate pH. (Stoker 2013). Part 2 of the experiment‚ the buffering capacity of lake water was tested. The ions naturally present in rivers are buffering
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and NA2CO3 with HCl. A chemical reaction is a process that involves rearrangement of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance‚ as opposed to a change in physical form in a nuclear reaction. Titration is when a measured amount of solution of unknown volume is added to a known volume of a second solution until the reaction between them is complete. The objective of this experiment is reacting sodium bicarbonate (NaHCO3) and sodium carbonate (NaCO3) with hydrochloric acid (HCl) to produce sodium
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Stoichiometry February 28th‚ 2013 Abstract: The reactions of the Sodium Hydroxide and two acids‚ Hydrochloric Acid and Sulfuric Acid were performed. The heat given off by these two reactions was used to determine the stoichiometric ratio and the limiting reactants in each experiment. Introduction: Coefficients in a balanced equations show how many moles of each reactant is needed to react with each other and how many moles of each product that will be formed. Stoichiometry allows us to
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Approximately 40 mL of the ionized water was added to the 100 mL beaker‚ then in a 10-mL graduated cylinder‚ 5-mL of HCl was measured then added to the 100-mL beaker of water. The 100 mL beaker was then placed on the assembled ring stand. Approximately 40 mL of the 0.1M NaOH was added to the 250 mL beaker. The 40-mL of NaOH was then added to the buret which was then attached to the ring stand. The LabQuest and the Vernier pH sensor was then hooked up and turned on to measure and graph the pH of the
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Materials: 0.20M HCl (±0.02moldm-3) 1.1g solid NaOH (±0.1g) A solution of vinegar of unknown concentration (density= 1.05gcm-3) Phenolphthalein Method: * A solution of NaOH was prepared by dissolving 1.1g in 250cm3 of water * 1.1g of solid NaOH was weighed and then dissolved in the stirred until dissolved in 250cm3 of water * 25cm3 of this solution was placed into a conical flask and 3 drops of phenolphthalein indicator were added * A burette was filled with 0.2±0.02moldm-3 HCl * The
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Iodine is a test for starch while Benedict’s solution is a test for reducing sugars. When solution A is tested by benidicts test‚ the clear blue solution changed to a little reddish and brick red precipitate is formed.this result show that solution A is a reducing sugar. When carried out iodine test with solution A‚ the colourless solution remain unchanged . this tell us that starch is absent is solution A. When solution B is tested with Benedicts test‚ the clear blue solution remain unchanged‚ we
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In my experiment I have found that 50 millilitres of HCL with 2 grams of sodium chloride had the highest conductivity rate compared to the second most conductive solution‚ 50 milliliters of vinegar with 2 grams of sodium chloride‚ and the last conductive solution‚ 50 milliliters of distilled water with 2 grams of sodium chloride. In my first hypothesis I stated if I added sodium chloride to distilled water‚ than the overall conductivity will become more conductive than just distilled water‚ since
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Variables Independent variable: The temperature of HCl is going to be changed. The temperature 10℃‚30℃‚50℃‚70℃ and 90℃ of hydrochloric acid will be used to conduct the experiment. The hot plate is going to be used to reach 30℃‚50℃‚70℃ and 90℃‚ that are higher than the room temperature. Ice cubes can be used with water bath to make 10℃ hydrochloric acid. Dependent variable: The time it takes for carbon dioxide gas produces up to 20mL of gas syringe is going to be measured. It will be measured
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[pic] Drops |Water(HcL) |Water(NaOH) |Liver(HcL) |Liver(NaOH) |Egg White(HcL) |Egg White(NaOH0) |Potato(HCl) |Potato(NaOH) |Buffer(HCl) |Buffer(NaOH) | |0 |7 |4 |7.4 |5 |8.2 |7 |6.9 |4 |10.7 |10 | |5 |4.5 |7 |6.9 |6 |7.5 |8 |6.2 |5 |10.5 |10 | |10 |2.7 |9 |6.3 |6 |7 |9 |5.7 |5 |10.4 |11 | |15 |2.6 |12 |5.8 |6 |6.4 |9 |5.3 |6 |10.3 |12 | |20 |2.5 |12 |5.4 |6 |4.5 |10 |4.9 |7 |10.2 |12 | |25 |2.4 |13 |5.1 |6 |3.5 |10 |4.6 |8 |10.1 |13 | |30 |2.3 |13 |4.8 |6 |3.3 |11 |4.2 |8 |10 |13 | | 1.
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