Calorimetry: Enthalpy of Neutralization Introduction: The purpose of this lab experiment was to determine the molar concentration of the unknown HCl by using a coffee cup calorimeter. A coffee cup calorimeter is made of Styrofoam cups with a thermometer that is placed from the top and into the calorimeter to measure the temperature as the reaction happens. The Styrofoam cup used for the calorimeter creates an isolated system as it acts as a heat insulator between the cup and the surrounding
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0.25 molar NaOH solution. 2. Record volume. 3. Measure out between 20 milliliters and 40 milliliters of the unknown HCl solution. 4. Record volume. 5. The amount of unknown HCl is then added to the 100-milliliter Erlenmeyer flask. 6. Add two drops of the indicator‚ phenolphthalein‚ to the acid in the flask. 7. Using the slider on the right hand side‚ add NaOH to the HCl in the Erlenmeyer flask (This action is known as titrate). Add the indicator until the color of the indicator turns a
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A SUMMER TRAINING PROJECT REPORT ON SOURCES & PROCESS OF RECRUITMENT & SELECTION AT HCL SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT FOR THE AWARD OF DEGREE OF MASTERS IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Today‚ in every organisation personnel planning as an activity is necessary. It is an important part of an organisation. Human Resource Planning is a vital ingredient for the success of the organisation in the long run. The objectives of Human Resource Department are Human Resource Planning
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= 4.5. Therefore 4.5 mL of NaOH was needed to neutralize HCl. Table 3: The amount of NaOH (mL) needed to neutralize HCl in Condition 1‚ 2 ‚ and 3 and their 3 trials. Trial 1 (mL) Trial 2 (mL) Trial 3 (mL) Condition 1 4.5 4.0 4.0 Condition 2 8.0 8.0 9.0 Condition 3 9.5 9.0 9.5 2. Sample Average Calculation of Condition 1: Table 4: The average volume (mL) of HCl & NaOH in each Condition Average Volume of HCl & NaOH Condition 1 9.2 Condition 2 16.5 Condition 3
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Investigation into How the Concentration of a Reactant Can Affect the Rate of Reaction Aim To plan an investigation that allows me to measure the effect of increasing the concentration of a reactant on the rate of reaction. With the results generated‚ it is also hoped to draw accurate conclusions and explain the results using scientific knowledge. Introduction Some reactions are fast‚ for example neutralisation or burning magnesium in air to produce magnesium oxide. However‚ other reactions
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Worked solutions to student book questions Chapter 4 Analysing acids and bases Q1. Antacid tablets should normally be chewed before they are swallowed. Why? A1. Antacid tablets are normally chewed to provide a larger surface area for faster reaction with stomach acids. Q2. A laboratory test to determine how much hydrochloric acid is neutralised by a brand of antacid does not give a complete picture of its effectiveness in the stomach. What other factors might be important? A2. Other factors to
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alkyl halides can be performed from a variety of starting materials and specific mechanisms: from alkenes by addition‚ from alkanes by substitution‚ and from alcohols via nucleophilic substitution. The reaction of alcohols with hydrogen halides‚ like HCl‚ HBr‚ and HI‚ would result to their corresponding alkyl halides and water. The formation of alkyl halides has different mechanisms‚ depending on the alcohol used for the synthesis. Tertiary alcohols react with hydrogen halides faster compared to the
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Experiment No. ___________________ Date ___________________ NEUTRALIZATION TITRATIONS INTRODUCTION The neutralization of hydronium or hydroxide ion to form water is widely used as the basis for volumetric determinations of acids‚ bases and salts of weak acids. The reaction is characterized by a rapid change in pH near the equivalence point‚ a change that is readily detected by an acid-base indicator or that can be followed electrically by use of a pH meter. Neutralization titrations
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concentration of HCl when titrated with a standardized NaOH solution‚ through means of the titration method. My hypothesis is When an unknown concentration of HCl is titrated with a known volume of standardized NaOH solution‚ one can gather enough data to determine the concentration of the unknown (HCl). My prediction is If an unknown concentration of HCl is titrated with a known volume of NaOH‚ then one can gather enough data to determine the concentration of the unknown which is HCl. Procedure Standardization
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Lab Report: Titration Lab Prepare a solution of a given concentration; understand titration including acid-base reactions‚ pH‚ stoichiometry and molar equivalence. Chemicals and equipment: NaOH pellets close to purity‚ HCl 3M‚ phenolphtalein Beckers‚ flasks‚ burette‚ magnetic or manual stir pHmeter Waste management: The waste disposal will be handled through neutralization of your excess reactant to a pH between 4.0 and 10.0 and disposal with abundant rinsing. As a preparation for the
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