The penny is known for its copper features‚ and being worth a cent. The composition of the penny is not only copper‚ because other metals are used to make it. The penny is made of 97.5% zinc‚ and 2.5% copper. Zinc is a cheap metal but the total value of the penny is over a cent. There is eight tenths of a cent of zinc and three tenths of a cent worth of metal in an actual penny (1). These figures added up equal 1.1 cent and it is even higher when actual labor is included in the equation. America is
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Chemical Reactions Lab Introduction Four different types of chemical reactions were observed in this lab. Synthesis reactions occur when two different elements or compounds form a more complex compound as shown by equation (1). Single replacement occurs when one element replaces another to form a new compound as shown in equation (2). Double replacement occurs when two different atoms in different compounds trade places with one another to form two new compounds as shown in equation (3).Combustion
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Electrochemistry is a branch of chemistry that studies chemical reactions which take place in a solution at the interface of an electron conductor (a metal or a semiconductor) and an ionic conductor (the electrolyte)‚ and which involve electron transfer between the electrode and the electrolyte or species in solution. If a chemical reaction is driven by an external applied voltage‚ as in electrolysis‚ or if a voltage is created by a chemical reaction as in a battery‚ it is an electrochemical reaction
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China circa 3000BC Casting 2.810 Prof. Timothy Gutowski Casting since about 4000 BC… Ancient Greece; bronze statue casting circa 450BC Iron works in early Europe‚ e.g. cast iron cannons from England circa 1543 Outline • Sand Casting‚ Investment Casting‚ Die Casting • Basics and countermeasures • Phase Change‚ Shrinkage • Heat Transfer • Pattern Design • Variations & Developments • Environmental Issues Casting Readings; 1. Kalpakjian‚ Chapters 10‚ 11‚ 12 2. Booothroyd‚ “Design for Die
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and later putting them back on‚ just smaller. Nowadays pennies from 1909 are very valuable and rare. The next change was more of one to the makeup of the penny. In 1941 the United States entered WWII. In that time the penny was made of 5% tin and zinc‚ and 95% copper. Because we were in war‚ we needed
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|weighing paper | |concentrated HNO3 (4 – 6 mL) |6.0 M H2SO4 (15 mL) | |graduated cylinder |granular zinc | |3.0 M NaOH (30 mL) |methanol | |carborundum boiling chips |acetone
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IGCSE PRE-AICE CHEMISTRY 0620 OFFICIAL STUDY GUIDE Notes: To avoid any confusion concerning the symbol for litre‚ dm3 will be used in place of l or litre.Valence electrons are known as valency electrons for this test. Nature of Matter The states of matter are solid‚ liquid‚ and gas‚ in respective order of kinetic energy. State of Matter | Definite Volume | Definite Shape | Solid | Yes | Yes | Liquid | Yes | No | Gas | No | No | Diffusion:
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predicted the element would be below aluminum in the periodic table of elements. In the year of 1875‚ the element Gallium was discovered by French chemist Paul E. Lecoq de Boisbaudran through a spectroscope in Paris. De Boisbaudran extracted gallium from a zinc blende ore from the Pyrenees and obtained .65 grams from 430 kilograms of ore. He isolated gallium by electrolysis of its hydroxide in potassium hydroxide solution. The origin of the name comes from the Latin word ‘Gallia’‚ which means France. Gallium
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In this assignment the author will produce a report that discusses nutritional and energy requirements‚ comparing and contrasting similarities and differences between the two groups for each nutrient and for energy. The two groups the author has chosen to compare are women aged between 19-50 and pregnant women. The recommended daily calorie intake is 1940kcal this amount is needed to provide them with enough energy throughout the day and to meet the BMR(basal metabolic rate)this is less compared
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lithium‚ sodium and potassium. 3. Mendeleev then wondered what elements should be mentioned next and toyed with the idea of turning either to the alkaline earth metals like calcium‚ barium and strontium or perhaps some intermediate elements including zinc and cadmium which share some but not all the properties of the alkaline earths. Another possibility which he contemplated was a group containing copper and silver which show variable valences of +1 or +2 and so could represent a stepping stone between
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