Extraction of DNA from Calf or Hog Thymus/Isolation of Yeast RNA I. Abstract Nucleic acids may be divided into two groups RNA and DNA. DNA contains almost all the genetic information while RNA serves as the bridge between the DNA and proteins. Study of both DNA and RNA initially involves proper extraction/isolation. The storehouse of eukaryotic DNA is the nucleus (and in the mitochondria)‚ so experimentally‚ DNA is extracted from tissues that have a high nuclear to cytoplasmic mass ratio‚ such
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Fermentation Rate of the S. cerevisiae Yeast in the presence of MgSO4‚ NaF and Sodium Pyruvate Hypothesis In the fermentation of rate of yeast‚ S. Cerevisiae‚ there will be a higher/ faster rate of ethanol production‚ However‚ using catalytic enzymes would make the rate more faster‚ and MgSo4 will have a higher rate of CO2 than that of NaF and Sodium pyruvate as it act as a more better catalytic enzyme than the others. Methods Preparation of Tubes A solution of yeast and glucose was prepared with different
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FERMENTATION) . In this experiment we will be testing the fermentation of yeast using a several different molecule solutions. HYPOTHESIS: The hypothesis was that the yeast glucose solution would produce the most carbon dioxide. MATERIALS: In this experiment we used 4 large test in which we placed the dry active yeast and 30ml of heated distilled water. We also used a balance to weigh and a spatula to acquire the yeast‚ 250ml beakers‚ and a 10 ml pipette to measure. Of what was measured were
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Summary This purpose of this experiment was for students to do the colony count methods‚ estimating the viable cell number of commercial active dried yeasts (ADY). This experiment allowed the students to perform the plate count technique by serial dilution and two common methods‚ spread plate and pour plate to determine the colony forming unit (CFU) of yeasts A ten-fold dilution is used in this experiment‚ the sample is diluted until it reached the 10-9 dilution. Plating for spread plate started from
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figures in the cheek smear‚ but the bacteria form in the yeast wet mount were easily recognized. The direct staining was the following technique used. The cells were very easy to assess‚ well demarcated and had a very distinctive color. Instead of the background and around the cell in the cheek smear‚ the indirect staining way seemed to in fact tint the cells. Identification of the yeast cells by the indirect system was done effortlessly while the cells in the plaque were not that easy to
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magnifier we can see single bacteria dark cell. B: On each examples bacterial morphologies are visible and easy identified. In the wet mount example with yeast‚ cocci is noted‚ while is hard to determine in cheek smears. Check smear and yeast smear contain cocci with direct staining. At direct staining plaque smear contain cocci and bacillus. Yeast with indirect staining contains cocci as well. On same picture bacteria are singled while on some pictures bacteria are in group and uneven clusters. Different
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allowing the bacterium to become directly stained. In direct staining‚ the organisms must be fixed by a process such as heat. Fixing the slide prevents the organism form washing off the slide before visualization. This is accomplished by passing a smear of the bacteria through flame. The heat sets the proteins of the organism thus causing the bacteria to attach to the slide. The organism can become damaged from the setting process and the use of heat prior to staining. In indirect staining‚ the negatively
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stained and unstained organisms. A wet mount is a preparation process where a live specimen in culture fluid is placed on a slide and the organism is free to move about. In the wet mount slides provided via LabPaq software with cheek‚ dental plaque‚ and yeast specimens were observed. The wet mount preparations were difficult to observe because of poor contrast‚ however‚ a common occurrence in the specimens were cells large in size and translucent in color. The slides provided with direct staining
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at chains of cocci or bracillus. Part 5: Indirect Staining: Examine the stained specimens and record your results. These were much easier to see‚ especially the plaque stain. I saw distinct chains of varying lengths made up of both cocci and bracillus cells. The messy matrix I noted earlier was no longer an issue. The cheek and yeast smear were also much cleaner. I saw the same shapes as before‚ just with sharper outlines. Questions: A. What are the advantages of using bleach as a disinfectant
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cell. Slide Three: This slide was a mixture of different shapes. Nothing was recognizable. Part 5: Indirect Staining: Chains of both cocci and bracillus cells were both visible and identifiable. The chains varied in length. The cheek and yeast smear was clearer. The same shapes were seen as before just with sharper outlines. The cells were much easier to see with more detail. Questions: A. What are the advantages of using bleach as a disinfectant? The disadvantages? The advantages
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