Name Class Date 9.1 Cellular Respiration: An Overview Lesson Objectives Explain where organisms get the energy they need for life processes. Define cellular respiration. Compare photosynthesis and cellular respiration. Lesson Summary Chemical Energy and Food Chemical energy is stored in food molecules. Energy is released when chemical bonds in food molecules are broken. Energy is measured in a unit called a calorie‚ the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1
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w w w e tr .X m eP e ap UNIVERSITY OF CAMBRIDGE INTERNATIONAL EXAMINATIONS International General Certificate of Secondary Education .c rs om *2925136620* CHEMISTRY Paper 3 (Extended) 0620/33 May/June 2012 1 hour 15 minutes Candidates answer on the Question Paper. No Additional Materials are required. READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST Write your Centre number‚ candidate number and name on all the work you hand in. Write in dark blue or black pen. You may use a pencil for any diagrams‚ graphs
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Abstract The purpose of this paper is to gain an understanding about what alcohol is‚ how alcohol is produced‚ the metabolic processes involved with the breakdown of alcohol in the body and the enzymes that catalyze these reactions and how these biochemical reactions affect the liver and brain and the effects of alcohol on the human body. Introduction A good deal of the population consume alcohol‚ some more than others. The effects of alcohol consumption on the human body affects mainly the
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As humans‚ we are the most dominant species in the world. We have the ability to walk upright‚ grasping thumbs‚ and large brains. This helps us to live and be successful on earth. But‚ these advantages we have didn’t happen overnight‚ they occurred during the hominine evolution. The skull‚ neck‚ spiral column‚ hip bones‚ and leg bones of the early hominine species changed shape in ways that later enabled species to walk upright. The evolution of dipedal‚ or two-footed‚ locomotion was very important
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Muscle Tissue 1. How is muscle tissue categorized? Muscle tissue is categorized by its shape‚ the number of nuclei‚ and the mechanism of stimulation. 2. a. Click the Smooth Muscle Tissue. Identify each of the following: Nucleus----- Smooth Fiber Muscle------------------ b. Describe smooth muscle control (voluntary or involuntary). Involuntary c. Name some smooth muscle functions (click the “Tissue Locations” button). Smooth
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the point of sale – a troubleshooting guide. The Brewer International 2: 15–19. Casson‚ D. (1985). Microbiological problems of beer dispense. The Brewer 71: 417–421. Haikara‚ A. and Lounatmaa‚ K. (1987). Characterisation of Megasphaera sp. – a new anaerobic beer spoilage coccus Haikara‚ A.‚ Pentilla‚ L.‚ Enari‚ T.M. and Lounatmaa‚ K. (1981). Microbiological‚ biochemical and electron microscopic characterisation of a Pectinatus strain. Haikara‚ A.‚ Uljas‚ H. and Suurnäkki‚ A. (1993). Lactic starter cultures
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body. Introduction Respiration is the physical process by which living organisms take in oxygen from the surrounding medium and emit carbon dioxide. The term respiration is also used to refer to the liberation of energy‚ within the cell‚ from fuel molecules such as carbohydrates and fats. Carbon dioxide and water are the products of this process‚ which is sometimes called cellular respiration to distinguish it from the physical process of breathing. Cellular respiration is similar in most organisms
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somewhat different between cancer and non-cancer cells. Normal cells will generally use pyruvate for aerobic respiration in the Tricarboxylic Acid (TCA) cycle and oxidative phosphorylation if oxygen (O2) is present. In the absence of O2‚ these cells will undergo anaerobic respiration and convert pyruvate into lactic acid. Cancer cells‚ on the other hand‚ will push pyruvate through the anaerobic pathway regardless of O21‚ 2. While this metabolic pathway yields less energy than the TCA cycle and oxidative
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Define the standard reduction potential. Why aerobic grow generates the highest amount of energy (ATP). How this value plays a role in organization of electron transport system. Compare Eo of aerobic and anaerobic respiration 3. Describe the flow of electron in fermentation and respiration. What happened to the electron in each of the above processes 4. Describe how enzymes are involved in chemical reactions. (activation energy‚ lowering Eo 5. Define apoenzyme andcofactor. What
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myosin strand in the sarcomere. The actual number of actin strands encircling myosin depends upon the specific muscle. Larger muscles would have more‚ and smaller muscles would have fewer AEROBIC RESPIRATION-Cells only store a small amount of ATP molecules‚ so the chemical process of cellular respiration is necessary to convert energy from our food into enough energy for ongoing muscle contraction and other cellular work. The organic molecules in food contain stored energy
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