rChest X-Ray – PIER + ABCDEFGH Identify your pt: DOB‚ CC‚ HPI PIER Use the "PIER" mnemonic to assess for adequacy of the film. * Position: Typically‚ upright PA and lateral. Sick patients will have the fuzzier supine AP (because the film is slid under their chest as they are lying down). Size of the heart is exaggerated in AP view compared to PA. Edge of the medial border of scapula is at the midline of lung field in AP. * Inspiration: Count the visible ribs. Lung fields should extend
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ULTRASOUND An ultrasound is a medical imaging technique uses high frequency sound waves to look inside the body. During World War 2‚ there was a lot of research of radar and sonar which led to the invention and progress of the ultrasound device. It was invented by Ian Donald in 1957. It was first tested on a pregnant woman but later used for more purposes. The ultrasound was improved and also led to the development of other useful medical instruments such as the device CAVITRON‚ which destroys
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Radiology is the process of working and viewing inside the human body without breaking the skin. By using radiant energy‚ which may take the form of x-rays or other types of radiation‚ we are able to diagnose and treat many diseases and injuries. Both diagnostic and therapeutic radiology involve the use of ionizing radiation (Beta‚ Alpha‚ Gamma‚ and x-rays)‚ with the exception of the MRI‚ which uses a magnetic field rather than radiation. Radiology is classified as being either diagnostic or therapeutic
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When a tooth emerges from the gum tissue it is called eruption. This normally happens at the age of 6 months. In most cases the first teeth to erupt are the mandibular central incisors (lower)‚ then the maxillary central incisors (upper) this usually happens at the ages of 6 months to 12 months. The anterior portion of the mouth is the first to erupt‚ then the posterior follows. Sometimes infants are born with teeth‚ these are called neonatal tooth‚ in some cases the these are lost
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Dental X-ray Unit History Discovery of x-ray Professor Wilhelm Conrad Roentgen * 1895 discovered the first example ionizing radiation * the key to his discovery was device called a Crooke’s tube. Scientists and Researchers * Dr. Otto Walkhoff * the first to expose a prototype of a dental radiograph. * accomplished by covering a small‚ glass photographic plate with black paper to protect it from light and then wrapping it in a sheath of thin rubber to prevent moisture
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Conrad Rontgen‚ a German‚ accidentally came upon the x-ray. The x-ray is a complex piece of technology that airports and hospitals use greatly in life today. In the medical world the x-ray has helped find diseases when no other piece of technology could. The x-ray is a very important machine that our world couldn’t do without. Rontgen accidentally discovered the x-ray when he was studying the effects of the cathode ray. He found that the x-ray could light up a screen a few meters from the source
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X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) techniques probe short- and medium-range order‚ yielding information on bond lengths‚ coordination numbers‚ local coordination geometry and the oxidation state of atoms for a wide range of solid and liquid systems. XAS experiments require an intense‚ tunable photon source only available at synchrotrons. Features • medium and high energy (from atomic number Z=20 upwards) XAS‚ XANES (x-ray absorption near-edge structure)
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or diagnostic purpose.”3 Women want to feel like they know their baby before they are born. The goal of keepsake for ultrasound is to enhance the emotional bond between the mother and her child. Some believe that keepsake ultrasounds actually help the fetus and the mom. Improving the mother’s personal well-being intern improves the health of the fetus. Having a prenatal ultrasound is usually an enjoyable event that combines medical care in family celebration.4 So long as the pregnancy is confirmed
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components of an X-ray Tube? The x-ray tube consists of an electrode pair - a cathode and an anode. The cathode is a negatively charged heated filament made from tungsten. The anode is a positively charged flat disc‚ also made from tungsten. The electrode pair sits inside a glass vacuum tube‚ which is lined with lead for protection. 2) State the two interactions that occur in the X-ray tube to produce the x-ray beam Bermsstralhung interaction and Characteristic interaction. 3) The X-ray beam is attenuated
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mortality in Kenya Infection rate is highest between 15-44 years with a nine fold increase since early 90’s due to the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The HIV infected have an increased incidence with a majority presenting with smear negative PTB Hypothesis Chest x-ray in itself is not an effective method of diagnosing smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis in H.I.V positive patients Broad Objective To assess the utility of the radiological manifestations of pulmonary tuberculosis in HIV infected smear negative
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