Chapter 26 Notes: Ottomans and Arabs Ottomans: Factors of Decline * Competition between elite * Weak rulers * Increasingly powerful Janissary corps * Increased competition from European merchants * Military challenges from the West * Ottomans vs. Russia (result: loss of Serbia‚ Greece‚ and most of Balkans) Survival * Played European rivals against each other * Selim III: reformed bureaucracy‚ new army and navy. Killed by janissaries in 1807 * Mahmud II: slaughtered
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Tevan Luong AP World History: Summer Assignment Chapter 1 1. Geography and climate play a major role in the development of early human societies‚ for instance‚ Middle Eastern grains did not grow at all in the humidity of equatorial West Africa. Rather than cultivating grains‚ the geography and climate limitations made it more suitable to grow rice‚ pearl millet‚ and sorghum in West Africa. The barriers that the environment set led to the diversity of human culture and diets based on the condition
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Events/Important/key Dates • 7‚000~ 4‚000 BCE: Spread of agriculture through most of Middle east. • 5‚000 BCE: Farming along Nile River • 4‚000 BCE: Sumerians settle in Tigris- Euphrates valley • 4‚000 BCE: Sumerians (a people who had migrated into the area from the north) provided final boost toward establishing civilization • 4‚000 BCE: cumulative effects of agriculture & technology → civilization as a new organizational form (wheel‚ bronze use‚ and writing facilitated) • 3‚500 BCE: Writing
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Chapter 1 Study Guide Terms Paleolithic Neandertal Lascaux Homo sapiens Jericho Australopithecus Çatal Hüyük. Venus figurines Cro-Magnon Homo erectus Altamira Evolution Paleolithic age Neolithic age Sympathetic magic Infanticide Agricultural revolution Agricultural transition Slash-and-burn Shanidar cave Jomon society Natufian society Chinook society Homo erectus Homo sapiens sapiens Study Questions 1. Trace the development of Australopithecus‚ Homo erectus‚ and Homo
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UNIT I: FOUNDATIONS (8000 BCE TO 600 CE) Of all the time periods covered in the AP World History curriculum‚ Foundations (8000 BCE - 600 CE) spans the largest number of years. It begins with an important Marker Event - the Neolithic Revolution - and ends after the fall of three major classical civilizations - Rome in the Mediterranean region‚ Han China‚ and the Gupta Empire of India. Broad topics addressed in the Foundations time period are: Environmental and periodization issues Early development
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Chapter 22 Maritime Explorations: 15th-18th Centuries What were the motives and means of maritime explorations? Search for resources and land suitable for cash crops Search for commodities: spices‚ silk‚ gold‚ ivory‚ slaves etc. Search for converts to Christianity Navigational technology and knowledge of the wind (monsoon) Maritime and land-based empires (Trading post empires) Was European expansion in the Atlantic and the Indian Ocean worlds different? Territorial empires in the
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Chapter 12 Vocabulary – Traditions and Encounters 1. China- is the world’s most populous country‚ with a population of over 1.3 billion | 2. the silk roads- The Silk Road or Silk Route is a modern term referring trade routes across the Afro-Eurasian landmass that connected East‚ South‚ and Western Asia with the Mediterranean and European world‚ as well as parts of North and East Africa. | 3. Indians- They is west of the small British Pelican Island and east of the small US Flanagan Island
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STUDY GUIDE: AP WORLD SEMESTER 1 52 points- 2 points apiece for summarizing each of the following: (Complete sentences NOT required.) 1. Definition of Civilization Some scholars prefer to define civilizations only as societies with enough economic surpluses to create division of labor and a social hierarchy. The chief difference between civilizations and other societies involves the emergence of formal political organizations‚ or states. Another trait that makes a society a civilization is when
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Ch. 20: The Muslim Empires Introduction -Nomadic invasions wasted much of the Muslim world w/ the sacking of Baghdad in 1258 • 3 new Muslim dynasties emerged after the nomadic invasions -New flowering of Islamic civilization; Competition(political divisions+military incursions -Largest-Ottoman from N Africa to S Russia; Safavid dynasty to the E; Mughals in Delhi region of Ganges plain -3 empires combined=largest Islamic political+military power ever -All 3 depended on firearms-“gunpowder
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Gibbs‚ Dylan Period 5‚ Ap World History 8/25/13 Chapter 2 Epic of Gilgamesh Agricultural ecomomies City congrigation Mesopatamia Community benifeit Irrigation systems Sargon Hammurabi Lex talionis Assyrians Colapse of babylonia Administrative techniques Advanced weapons Complex society Mettalurgic innovation alloyed weapons Agriculture slaves Writing Literacy Abstract ideas Hebrews Israelites and Jews Hebrews Israelites
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