TOPIC 1: INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMICS Chapter 1: What is Economics about? 1.1 • Economic Problem: how a society can satisfy the unlimited wants with the limited resources available. • Opportunity Cost: represents the cost of satisfying one want over an alternative want. Also known as economic cost/real cost. • Wants: are the material desires of individuals or the community. They provide utility/satisfaction/pleasure when consumed. ○ Needs: are wants‚ but are basic necessities
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Mainstream Economics Our Alternative Stance What Many Mainstream Economists Believe Economics from an Alternative Perspective As a discipline‚ economics is defined in terms of a set of specific core assumptions and analytical techniques. As the general "science of choice" economics is applied to any living organism‚ and it is not restricted to human‚ market‚ monetary or business phenomena. Economics is defined in terms of the scientific study of a real object – the economy. The economy is that
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A XILROD economics Inside the Fed MONETARY POLICY AND ITS MANAGEMENT‚ MARTIN THROUGH GREENSPAN TO BERNANKE “An intimate account of the Fed’s depressing decline in the seventies and dramatic comeback in the Volcker years when the central bank triumphed over the biggest threat to the U.S. economy since the Great Depression. Now that the old enemy‚ stagflation‚ is stirring once more‚ the lessons Stephen Axilrod draws from past battles couldn’t be timelier.” Sylvia Nasar‚ author of A
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GROUP 3 ECONOMICS Standard and Higher Level INTRODUCTION The study of economics from an individual‚ a firm‚ a business‚ governmental and international perspectives are being increasingly important today. In the world of continuing globalization and technological developments‚ decisions made today by an individual or society can have a multiplier effects on other businesses and countries. Therefore‚ there is a need for an understanding of human experience and behaviour made in the economic environment
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The economic downturn and competition from rival Costa Coffee deepened the UK losses of coffee chain Starbucks to £9.9m in the year to September 2009‚ compared with a pre-tax loss of £1.9m in the previous year. The tough trading climate in Western Europe was predicted last year by Starbucks chief executive Howard Schultz‚ who said: "Unemployment‚ the sub-prime mortgage crisis‚ and I think consumer confidence‚ particularly in the UK‚ is very‚ very poor." (Guardian.co.uk‚ 2010) However‚ a spokesperson
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Economic Interdependence and War: A Theory of Trade Expectations Author(s): Dale C. Copeland Source: International Security‚ Vol. 20‚ No. 4 (Spring‚ 1996)‚ pp. 5-41 Published by: The MIT Press Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/2539041 Accessed: 12/10/2010 13:07 Your use of the JSTOR archive indicates your acceptance of JSTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use‚ available at http://www.jstor.org/page/info/about/policies/terms.jsp. JSTOR’s Terms and Conditions of Use provides‚ in part‚ that
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Mixed Economic System A mixed economy is an economic system in which both the private sector and state direct the economy‚ reflecting characteristics of both market economies and planned economies. Most mixed economies can be described as market economies with strong regulatory oversight and governmental provision of public goods. Some mixed economies also feature a variety of state-run enterprises. A mixed economic system (also known as a Dual Economy) is just like it sounds (a combination of economic
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JOMO KENYATTA UNIVERSITY OF AGRICULTURE AND TECHNOLOGY SCHOOL: SHRD DEPT: EPD COURSE: BPS UNIT: TRANSPORT ECONOMICS PRESENTER: JULIUS GIKONYO REG No: HD211-5143/2011 LEC: EVANS SANDE Introduction. Transport and its related services is a catalyst for economic growth‚ and direct and indirect job creation in South Africa. The provision of affordable‚ safe and reliable transportation of goods and people is critical to the development of the country. Government boosted transport infrastructure
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Introduction to Managerial Economics Managerial economics (sometimes referred to as business economics) is a branch of economics that applies microeconomic analysis to decision methods of businesses or other management units. As such‚ it bridges economic theory and economics in practice. It draws heavily from quantitative techniques such as regression analysis and correlation‚ Lagrangian calculus (linear). If there is a unifying theme that runs through most of managerial economics it is the attempt to optimize business
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Managerial Economics and Economics Managerial Economics has been described as economics applied to decision making. It may be viewed as a special branch of economics bridging the gulf between pure economic theory and managerial practice. Economics has two main divisions :- (i) Microeconomics and (ii) Macroeconomics. Microeconomics has been defined as that branch of economics where the unit of study is an individual or a firm. Macroeconomics‚ on the other hand‚ is aggregate in character and has
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