CHAPTER 6 INTEREST RATES AND BOND VALUATION L E A R N I N G LG1 Describe interest rate fundamentals‚ the term structure of interest rates‚ and risk premiums. LG2 Review the legal aspects of bond financing and bond cost. LG3 LG4 Discuss the general features‚ quotations‚ ratings‚ popular types‚ and international issues of corporate bonds. LG5 LG6 G O A L S Apply the basic valuation model to bonds and describe the impact of required return and time to maturity
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Determinants of yield curve…………………………………………..…19 6. Analysis………………………………………………………………….31 7. Findings………………………………………………………………….37 8. Bibliography …………………………………………………………….38 9. Appendices ……………………………………………………………...39 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Time series of the yield of the treasury bills…..………………….………...21 Figure 2: Time series of the Spread of the treasury bills………………….….…….....22 Figure 3: Time series of the yield of the treasury bills and WPI index….……………24 Figure 4: Relation
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lost from one contract‚ margin call will be have. This could happen when the price of the wheat increase by (1000/ 5000) =$0.2 the price of wheat must increase to (4.5+0.2) = $4.7 per bushel for there to be a margin call. $1‚500 can be withdraw from the margin account‚ this will happen if the futures price fall to (1‚ 500 / 5‚000) = $0.3 to (4.5 – 0.3) $42 per bushel. 4.25 (a) the six-month zero-coupon bond rate is calculated as follows: Rm=[m*(FV-PV)]/PV Rm=[2*(100-98)]/98=0.0482
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effects of low interest rates on consumption and investment Dec 1st 2012 | from The Economist print edition WHEN interest rates hit double digits in the late 1970s‚ house-builders sent planks of wood to the Federal Reserve in protest. With rates stuck near zero‚ the protests now come from the opposite direction. The retired complain of a “war on savings”. The Fed cut rates to current levels at the end of 2008 and has promised to keep them there until 2015. Since 2008‚ personal interest income has plunged
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PART I. MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS 1. When the value of the British pound changes from $1.50 to $1.25‚ then the pound has _________ and the dollar has _________. a. appreciated; appreciated b. depreciated; appreciated c. appreciated; depreciated d. depreciated; depreciated 2. When the exchange rate changes from 1.0 euros to the dollar to 0.8 euros to the dollar‚ then the euro has _________ and the dollar has _________. a. appreciated; appreciated
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The three year zero rate is 7% per annum and the four year zero rate is 7.5% pa (both continuously compounded). What is the one year (continuously compounded) forward rate starting in three years’ time? (2 marks) With the formula with continuously compounded‚ = =0.09 =9% The one year forward rate starting in three years’ time is 9% 1. The zero rate curve is flat at 6% pa with semi-annual compounding. What is the value of a FRA where the holder receives interest at the rate of 8% per annum with
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$25 million zero-coupon bond in August for a period of 6 months. Zero-coupon bond of similar quality is currently yielding 4%‚ a cost‚ which the treasurer finds acceptabl(e) The treasurer is of the view that interest rate will rise before the company will issue the debt‚ hence will increase the cost of debt. So to hedge the interest rate risk the treasurer decided to hedge the risk using September Eurodollar futures contract. September 90-day Eurodollar futures contracts are currently trading at
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Effects of Raising Interest Rates If a central bank increases the base rate‚ this tends to increase all major interest rates in the economy. This means interest rates for both savers and borrowers will increase. Higher interest rates will have various economic effects: 1. Increases the cost of borrowing. Interest payments on credit cards and loans will be more expensive. Therefore this discourages people from borrowing and saving. People who already have loans will have less disposable income
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Money Banking and financial Markets‚ Interest Rates An interest rate is the rate at which interest is paid by borrowers for the use of money that they borrow from a lender. Specifically‚ the interest rate is a percent of principal paid a certain amount of times per period. Small companies often borrow capital from banks to buy new assets for its business‚ and in return the lender receives interest at a predetermined interest rate for deferring the use of funds and instead lending
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What is Contract? Discuss Essentials of Contact. According to Section 2 (h) of the Indian Contact Act‚ 1872‚ "A contract is “an agreement enforceable by law”. A contract therefore‚ is an agreement the object of which is to create a legal obligation i.e.‚ a duty enforceable by law. From the above definition‚ we find that a contract essentially consists of two elements: (1) An agreement and (2) Legal obligation i.e.‚ a duty enforceable by law. As per section 2 (e) "Every promise and every set of
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