Chapter 8 Cost Estimation and Budgeting 8.1 True/False 1) Direct costs are those clearly assigned to the aspect of the project that generated the cost. Answer TRUE 2) Material is an example of a cost that is recurring‚ variable and direct. Answer TRUE 3) An expedited cost is one that does not vary with respect to their usage. Answer FALSE 4) An order of magnitude estimate is usually more accurate than a ballpark estimate. Answer FALSE 5) Comparative estimates are more accurate than definitive
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Fair Innings and Equal Opportunity The justification behind fair innings and equal opportunity as an age-based rationing tool‚ contains the idea that it would be best to allow people an equal opportunity to live for a long time‚ by shifting resources to the young so that they may also ideally reach the arbitrary ‘old age’ figure‚ thereby maximising the life-years saved. Kilner argues that such justification is dubious as it “places value on the potential life-years saved rather than the actual lives
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a) COST ACCOUNTING Cost accounting system is the part of management accounting that makes budget‚ actual cost of operations‚ analysis of variance and profitability of social use of funds. Cost accounting helps the manager in decision making regarding the reduction of the cost of the company and in improving the profitability. Cost accounting system is primarily used for internal managers therefore it does not need to follow the standards of GAAP. Cost accounting is also considered very important
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Study Material INTEGRATED PROFESSIONAL COMPETENCE COURSE Cost Accounting and Financial Management Part 1 : Cost Accounting Vol. I The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (Set up by an Act of Parliament) New Delhi PAPER 3 COST ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT Part – 1 : Cost Accounting VOLUME – I BOARD OF STUDIES THE INSTITUTE OF CHARTERED ACCOUNTANTS OF INDIA This study material has been prepared by the faculty of the Board of Studies. The objective of the
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Graduate School of Business Administration University Version 2.0 of Virginia UVA-F-1353 Version 2.0 Nike‚ Inc.: Cost of Capital On July 5‚ 2001‚ Kimi Ford‚ a portfolio manager at NorthPoint Group‚ a mutual fund management firm‚ pored over analyst write-ups of Nike‚ Inc.‚ the athletic shoe manufacturer. Nike’s share price had declined significantly from the start of the year. Kimi was considering buying some shares for the fund she managed‚ the NorthPoint Large-Cap Fund‚ which invested mostly in
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OVERHEAD COSTS ACCOUNTING Overheads are indirect costs which can not directly be traced to cost units. The task of the cost accountant is to charge these overhead costs to cost units/products. There are two approaches of charging overhead costs to cost units Viz i. Traditional/conventional absorption costing method and‚ ii. Activity Based Costing (ABC) Classification of overheads Overheads can be classified as production or non production overheads. Production overheads are those incurred
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Was the U.S Iraq and Afghanistan War Worth the Cost? Introduction The U.S led Iraq and Afghanistan wars have received praises and criticisms of different measures. The war was fought for almost a decade‚ starting back in 2003. In the case of Iraq war‚ the cause of the conflict was suspicion by the United States and United Kingdom that Iraq had in its possession Weapons of Mass Destruction (WMD) that it intended to use in case of war between nations. This was based on the past experience where Iraq
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competitive field to receive scholarships‚ loans‚ and grants is quite difficult to obtain‚ because there is to many people and not enough space causing prices to increase dramatically. Several middle-class and lower class American citizens feel that tuition costs are expensive‚ and like myself‚ are taking advantage of early college programs to receive credit and lessen their debts in the future. These programs allow high school students to receive an associate’s degree while attending high school and working
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Product and Service Costs Output represents one of the most important cost objects. There are two types of output: products and services. Products are goods produced by converting raw materials through the use of labor and indirect manufacturing resources‚ such as the manufacturing plant‚ land‚ and machinery. Televisions‚ hamburgers‚ automobiles‚ computers‚ clothes‚ and furniture are examples of products. Services are tasks or activities performed for a customer or an activity performed by a customer
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Microeconomics Spring 2010 1. Your cousin Vinnie owns a painting company with fixed costs of $200 and the schedule for variable costs as below. What is the efficient scale of the painting company? Quantity of Houses Painted per Month | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | Variable Costs | $10 | $20 | $40 | $80 | $160 | $320 | $640 | 2. Your aunt is thinking about opening a hardware store. She estimates that it would cost $500‚000 per year to rent the location and buy the stock. In addition‚ she would
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