Economic Cost of “Power Outages” By Dr. Aisha Ghaus-Pasha Table of Contents Page No. 1. Causes of Power Outages 1 2. Quantifying Outage Costs 2 3. Incidence of Outages 4 4. Pattern of Direct Costs 5 5. Types of Adjustments to Outages 5 6. Extent of Recovery of Output 6 7. Total Outage Costs to the Industrial Sector 6 8. National Costs of Load Shedding 7 9. Policy Implications 9 9.1. Investment in Power Sector 9 9.2. Load Management
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The problem of free will refers to the examination of whether or not we as conscious beings have control over our own actions. French philosopher Paul Henri Thiry‚ Baron d ’Holbach argues that all acts are caused by past events and conditions‚ a belief known as determinism. Physical laws shows us that all events in time are determined by prior events‚ but the belief in free will implies that our actions are results from what we perceive as choice‚ are undetermined random events in time. Therefore
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“Completely free trade would be fair. ‘Fair trade’ encourages people to stay in uncompetitive sectors in which they will always be poor.” Discuss. The concept of the ‘Fair Trade’ initiative can be summarised with reasonable simplicity; “Fair Trade works to alleviate poverty in the global South through a strategy of ‘trade‚ not aid‚’ improving farmer and worker livelihoods through direct sales‚ better prices and stable market links‚ as well as support for producer organizations and communities”
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Opportunity costs The first opportunity cost that I made was choosing to enroll in a university that offers online courses or going to a traditional university that only has classroom style learning. The pros of attending online for me included not having to commute back and forth 40 additional miles per day‚ not having to hire a babysitter for my child‚ and I’d be in the comfort of my own home or environment to my liking when I studied. The cons included‚ not having that social connection to my
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College Costs Introduction It’s no secret that financing a college education is getting tougher. College costs have skyrocketed over the past decade or so‚ and there’s no relief in sight. Average tuition at four-year colleges will increase 7 percent this school year‚ double the rate of inflation. Student aid is not increasing fast enough to plug the growing gap between tuition and family finances. In addition‚ there is a growing number of older students entering college today. These students
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are gradually used to following parents’ commands‚ thus‚ they no longer have the ability to think‚ leading to lack of creativity. Nowadays‚ many academic subjects require students having creativity‚ such as‚ visual arts and literature‚ how can the parents hope their children having good results without creativity? However‚ children under tough parenting will not be given chances to develop their potential. For example‚ Amy Chua didn’t allow her children to join the school play‚ which prevents them
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right to think‚ speak‚ and teach without fear” (174). Critics believe that unions are directly related to poor academic achievement‚ avoiding topics such as economy or communities that students come from. Along with this‚ they believe tenure should be given up. It is rewarded to teachers after a few years‚ and it is only given to those who respectively deserve it. The principal is the key factor in deciding this‚ so he or she should have prior experience in the teaching field to know what to look
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What do sociologists mean when they talk about ‘society’? There are different types of sociologists so each of those will have different theories on what ‘society’ is. Some of the types of sociologist is: a typical sociologist‚ feminists‚ functionalists‚ marxist new rights. The simplest way of describing what society is – a group of people who share a defined territory or culture. This is people who live amongst each other but people usually stereotype different parts of society. A typical sociologist
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national (royal mail)‚ regional (water companies) or local (petrol station). Unlike a perfect competition situation were firms are ’price takers ’ and only respond to consumer demand‚ a monopoly finds itself in an imperfect competition market. In this type of market the firm is more of a ’price maker ’ and can therefore influence the market price. When comparing monopoly and perfect competition under the same conditions‚ we can find that the monopolist when in equilibrium produces a lower output
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Case Study: How do rising tuitions impact students‚ local employers‚ and educational institutions? Executive Economics Outline Thesis: How do rising tuitions impact students‚ local employers‚ and educational institutions? I. Tuition Costs A. Enrollment Supply B. Enrollment Demand II. Economic Theory A. Impact on Students B. Impact on Educational Institutions C. Impact on Local Employers
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