PARTICIPATORY METHODS By Dr. Linda Mayoux ABSTRACT: PARTICIPATORY METHODS Participatory methods should be an integral part of any impact assessment for enterprise development. Their use is necessary to addressing the concerns of both the sustainable livelihoods approach and the human rights approach in DFID-funded enterprise interventions. Participatory methods are now well developed in relation to project-level impact assessment. CONTENTS: Introduction Section 1: WHAT ARE PARTICIPATORY METHODS? PRINCIPLES
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INVESTMENT APPRAISAL Exercise1: Project K has a cost of $52‚125‚ its expected net cash inflows are $12‚000 per year for 8 years‚ and its cost of capital is 12%. a. What is the project’s PP (time thu hồi dc vốn)? b. What is the project’s DPP? c. What is the project’s NPV? d. What is the project’s IRR? a) PP = 52‚125/12‚000 = 4.34 b) 52‚125 – 12‚000/1.12 – 12‚000/1.12^2 – 12‚000/1.12^3 – 12‚000/1.12^4 – 12‚000/1.12^5 – 12‚000/1.12^6 = 2788 PV (7) = 12000/1.12^7 = 5428 DPP = 6 + 2788/5428
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Running Head: Costing Methods Paper Costing Methods Paper Lavelle Haynes ACC/561 February 14‚ 2011 Professor Micheal Gaspar Super Bakery is a distinguished company created in 1990. The company has is a supplier of mineral‚ vitamin‚ and protein enriched doughnuts. The strategy applied by the company is job order cost method. Job costing is a product costing system when costs are accumulated by specific job orders and assigned to batches of products. In other words‚ manufacturing costs
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Sociology Research Methods Essay Assignment "Bringing Home the Bacon: Marital Allocation of Income-Earning Responsibility‚ Job Shifts and Men ’s Wages" By: Gorman‚ Elizabeth H. 1999 Research Question The research question addressed in the article "Bringing Home the Bacon: Marital Allocation of Income-Earning Responsibility‚ Job Shifts and Men ’s Wages" discusses the issue of marriage and how it impacts men ’s job shift patterns and how job shifting also influences men ’s wages. The research
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Scientific method is a prepared‚ logical sequence of steps to efficiently and consistently research a problem. Through using a major research design‚ following the steps of the sociological scientific method will help you to reach a conclusion on any given subject. The steps of the scientific method include defining the problem‚ reviewing the literature‚ forming a hypothesis‚ collecting and analyzing data‚ and developing a conclusion. Together‚ these five steps serve to create a solution or answer
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Three of the earliest teaching methods were the Grammar-Translation Method‚ the Direct Method‚ and the Audio-lingual Method. Discuss these three methods. Also‚ explain their shortcomings which led to more current approaches in the teaching of grammar to L2 speakers. 1. i) Grammar Translation Method (GTM): Grammar-translation method is the extension of the Classical method which began in Germany (Prussia) in the late 18th century. It was then become popular in the early 19th century. It is one
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improvement initiatives. So what is really the difference between ABC and traditional cost accounting methods? Despite the enormous difference in performance‚ there is three major differences: 1. In traditional cost accounting it is assumed that cost objects consume resources whereas in ABC it is assumed that cost objects consume activities. 2. Traditional cost accounting mostly utilizes volume related allocation bases while ABC uses drivers at various levels. 3. Traditional cost accounting is structure-oriented
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Break-Even Analysis Paper and Presentation Accounting is an important function for businesses to run successfully. It provides a numbers based understanding to owners and management staff for assistance in areas that could lead to added financial gain. This paper will discuss strategies of the management staff for a company named Super Bakery Inc. and why it was necessary to install an accounting system known as ABC (activity based costing) for its business. This paper will also conclude on
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Modern Methods Of Farming Are Not Eco-Friendly The farms nowadays are not at all eco-friendly as the methods used nowadays include burning of lot of fuel etc. An example for such a machine is the itachi which is a huge machine used on farms which uses a lot of energy etc. it might help the farmers a lot but it is not at all eco friendly.When it come to industrial farming practices‚ though‚ it is hard to have a discussion and keep a level head. I am talking about the huge multi thousand acre mono-culture
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In this I am going to assess the methods to increase trade between countries and the methods to restrict trade between countries. When asses the methods of encouraging and restricting trade I will talk about the purpose for the methods of promoting and restricting international trade‚ identify how and why they might be used and I will decide how useful each method is giving appropriate reasons for it. International trade is the exchange of goods and services between countries. FREE TRADE This is
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