Estimating the Cost of Capital: Survey and Synthesis Robert F. Bruner‚ Kenneth M. Eades‚ Robert S. Harris‚ and Robert C. Higgins This paper pn ^ents ihns‚ Wn Itujjlini; finunaal advtsi-i’s. lUic -M-ven‚ best selling texlho(>k.\ and trade hooks. The re.sulls show close aligninvn! ainuu-^:‚ all lh< M S‚ y’i’jps an ihc use of common theoreliva! frameworks and on many aspects of estimation. We Jin a ’’an.>( •arunhtn. however‚ for the joint choices oflhe nsk-free rate. heia. and the equity market risk
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homework 7 Globalizing the Cost of Capital Budgeting at AES Chia yun ‚Tsai(Debbie) 2013/3/22 The reason why Rob Venerus used the cost of capital concept to improve upon what AES had used in the past for a discount rate is because the old model always used the same discount rate for the model. However‚ with electricity generating businesses around the world‚ the old model started to cause some problems. In the past‚ AES used the same cost of capital for all of its capital budgeting‚ but the company’s
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pottery. Explicit costs: $37‚000 (= $12‚000 for the helper + $5‚000 of rent + $20‚000 of materials). Implicit costs: $22‚000 (= $4‚000 of forgone interest + $15‚000 of forgone salary + $3‚000 of entreprenuership). Accounting profit = $35‚000 (= $72‚000 of revenue - $37‚000 of explicit costs); Economic profit = $13‚000 (= $72‚000 - $37‚000 of explicit costs - $22‚000 of implicit costs). 8-4 (Key Question) Complete the following table by calculating marginal product and average product from the
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TYPES OF COSTS Introduction :-Production is the result of services rendered by various factors of production.The producer or firm has to make payments for this factor services. From the point of view of the factor inputs it is called ‘factor income’ while for the firm it is ‘factor payment’‚ or cost of inputs.Generally‚ the term cost of production refers to the ‘money expenses’ incurredin the production of a commodity. But money expenses are not the only expensesincurred on the production
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Pfizer Inc.’S Cost of Capital and Capital structure - Xiaoyue Shi The costs of capital and capital structures for Pfizer Inc. and its two competitors Merck & Co. Inc. and Johnson & Johnson in the pharmaceutical industry are analyzed in this memo. When calculating the cost of common stock for the three companies‚ three different approaches including Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM)‚ Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) and the bond yield plus risk premium are applied (Appendix A). For CAPM approach
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Ronald Coase noted‚“The cost of doing anything consists of the receipts that could have been obtained if that particular decision had not been taken.” For example‚ the opportunity set for this Friday night includes the movies‚ a concert‚ staying home and studying‚ staying home and watching television‚ inviting friends over‚ and so forth. The opportunity cost of taking job A included the forgone salary of $102‚000 plus the $5‚000 of intangibles from job B. Opportunity cost is the sacrifice of
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Structure Setting and Adjustment | Definition | A pay structure is a collection of pay rates or pay ranges.Structure setting and adjustment is the process of developing‚ adjusting‚ and maintaining a pay structure. | Purpose | Pay structures are used to help organizations: * maintain pay levels that are competitive with the external labor market‚ * maintain internal pay relationships among jobs‚ * recognize and reward differences in level of responsibility‚ skill‚ and performance‚ and
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business factors? How much of it is due to financial leverage? 2. Choosing Between Betas Using the beta that you have chosen‚ estimate the expected return on an equity investment in the companies to a short term investor a long term investor As a manager in this firm‚ how would you use this expected return? 3. Estimating Default Risk and Cost of Debt Does it have any recent borrowings? If yes‚ what interest rate did the company pay on these borrowing? 4. Short-term solvency or liquidity
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GLOBALIZING THE COST OF CAPITAL AND CAPITAL BUDGETING AT AES 1. How would you evaluate the capital budgeting method used historically by AES? 2. If you implemented the methodology suggested by Venerus‚ what would be the range of discount rates one would use around the world? 3. Does this make sense as a way to do capital budgeting? 4. How big a value difference does this new approach make to the Pakistan project? 5. How do these cost of capital modifications translate into changed probabilities
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April 11‚ 2012 Marriot Corporation: The Cost of Capital Background: Marriot Corporation began in 1927 with J. Willard Marriot’s root beer stand. Over the next 60 years‚ the company grew into one of the leading lodging and food service companies in the United States. Marriot has three major lines of business: lodging‚ contract services‚ and restaurants. Lodging operations included 361 hotels‚ with over 100‚000 rooms that generated 41% of sales in 1987 and 51% of profits. Contract services
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