External Guide: Vijesh T V Scientist/Engineer ‘SC’ LEOS/ISRO Bangalore-560013 Abstract We have proposed a digitally implemented QPSK system for Free-Space Optics systems for future satellite missions. We have used a Laser source of 1550nm wavelength and data rate of 2.5Gbps.The system consists of a modulating and a demodulating block and an advantage of filters added to improve the performance and optimize errors like noise. The best suited modulator for FSO is Mach-Zehnder modulator which
Premium Modulation Satellite
Cones are one of the 2 types of photoreceptor cells that are responsible for color vision as well as eye color sensitivity‚ they function best in relatively bright light. There are three types of cones‚ L = long wavelengths (reddish) M = middle wavelengths (greenish) S = short wavelengths (bluish)‚ which enable people to see a wide spectrum of colors. An abnormality‚ or deficiency‚ of any of the types of cones will result in abnormal color vision‚ or as we know‚ color blindness. · Causes: · Inherited:
Premium Color
Introduction The purpose of this lab is to determine which pigments in a plant support or effect photosynthesis‚ based on starch production‚ which wavelengths of light are involved in photosynthesis‚ and identify plant pigments found in a plant leaf by means of paper chromatography. Life on Earth is dependent entirely on the energy from the Sun‚ not only to keep the planet at a suitable temperature but also to provide the energy required to sustain life. The energy of the Sun‚ in the form of
Premium Photosynthesis Chlorophyll
most to yellowish-green‚ green‚ and blue light (wavelengths of 564nm‚ 534nm‚ and 420nm respectively). The color yellow‚ for example‚ is perceived when the yellow-green receptor is stimulated slightly more than the green receptor‚ and the color red is perceived when the yellow-green receptor is stimulated significantly more than the green receptor. Although the peak responsitivities of the cones do not occur at the red‚ green and blue wavelengths‚ those three colors are described as primary because
Premium Color Primary color Green
II. Objectives a. To determine the wavelength with maximum absorbance of chromium (VI) specie. b. To calculate the molar absorptivity of the different concentrations of potassium dichromate by applying the Beer’s Law. c. To apply the external calibration method in determing an unknown concentration of potassium dichromate solution. III. Procedure NOTE: Remember to set the OA or 100% T every time the wavelength setting is changed using the blank solution. Also
Premium Analytical chemistry Transition metal Chemistry
Astronomy flash cards Term Which of the following has your "address" in the correct order?A) you‚ Earth‚ solar system‚ Milky Way‚ Local Supercluster‚ Local GroupB) you‚ Earth‚ Local Group‚ Local Supercluster‚ solar system‚ Milky WayC) you‚ Earth‚ solar system‚ Milky Way‚ Local Group‚ Local SuperclusterD) you‚ Earth‚ solar system‚ Local Group‚ Local Supercluster‚ Milky WayE) you‚ Earth‚ solar system‚ Local Group‚ Milky Way‚ Local Supercluster | | Definition C) you‚ Earth‚ solar system‚ Milky
Premium Sun Solar System Earth
the temperature. It is found experimentally that the wavelength at the peak of the spectrum‚ is related to Kelvin temperature by This is known as Wien’s Law. Let me clear it with an example. Assume that Sun act as a black body and emits light whose peak intensity occurs in the visible spectrum at around 500nm. Putting this value on that equation gives Sun’s surface temperature which is 6000K. Intensity as a Function of Wavelength at Different Temperatures As you can see‚ as the
Premium Black body Energy Electromagnetic radiation
What is the frequency (s-1) of electromagnetic radiation that has a wavelength of 0.53 m? A) 5.7 × 108 B) 1.8 × 10-9 C) 1.6 × 108 D) 1.3 × 1033 E) 1.3 × 10-33 2. The energy of a photon of light is __________ proportional to its frequency and __________ proportional to its wavelength. A) inversely‚ inversely B) inversely‚ directly C) directly‚ inversely D) indirectly‚ not E) directly‚ directly 3. What is the wavelength of light (nm) that has a frequency of 3.22 × 1014 s-1? A) 9.32 × 10-7
Premium Periodic table Quantum mechanics Light
E5 & E6 Extraction of Chlorophyll from Fresh Spinach and Investigation of the Photochemistry of Chlorophyll Chlorophyll a Chlorophyll b E5 - Extraction of Chlorophyll from Fresh Spinach E6 - Investigation of the Photochemistry of Chlorophyll The aim of this experiment is to investigate the photochemistry of chlorophyll. This experiment will be performed in two lab periods. In the first lab period you will extract chlorophyll‚ the green pigment in leaves‚ from spinach.
Premium Chlorophyll Photosynthesis Chromatography
speed light using a microwave oven; but I wanted to know if such thing could be possible. Speed light can be measure in such commons things as a microwave oven‚ a television‚ a radio and all the things that use electromagnetic waves‚ although the wavelength might vary. My hypothesis was that the eggs will have give a more accurate result to the speed light number published which is 299’792’458 m/s; I was wrong‚ according to my result the buttered bread is the best food to measure speed light‚ using
Free Electromagnetic radiation Light