1. INTRODUCTION An engine is a device which transforms one form of energy into another form. Most of the engines convert thermal engine to mechanical work and therefore they are called heat engine. Heat engine can be broadly classified into two types. i. Internal combustion engine ii. External combustion engine 1.1 CLASSIFICATION OF INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINE:- This type of engine is again classified into two types. i. Rotary ii. Reciprocating The reciprocating engine is a highly complex
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concern has been growing over the disposal of wastes produced by health care facilities in the Philippines. Several reports have cited large‚ albeit inconsistent‚ figures of the amount of infectious waste hospitals in Metro Manila produce daily‚ and little information is available on what is done with these wastes‚ especially after the banning of incineration in the country. More recently‚ these concerns have been fueled by reports that some of these wastes end up in our open dumpsites and in some cases
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E-waste comprises of wastes generated from used electronic devices which are not fit for their original intended use and are destined for recovery‚ recycling or disposal. Such wastes encompasses wide range of electrical and electronic devises such as computers‚ hand held cellular phones‚ personal stereos‚ including large household appliances such as refrigerators‚ air conditioners etc. The increasing “market penetration” and “high obsolescence rate” in developing countries make e-waste as one of
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E-Waste Management in Pakistan Zaigham Abbas Technical Officer (Chemicals) Ministry of Environment Government of Pakistan Regional Workshop on WEEE/E-Waste Management‚ 6 - 9 July 2010‚ Osaka‚ Japan 1 INTRODUCTION OF ORGANIZATION Ministry of Environment is responsible for National Environment Policy‚ Planning and International Environment Coordination. 2 PAKISTAN: STATUS OF ENVIRONMENT Constitution of the Pakistan Environmental Protection Council (PEPC) headed by the Prime
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Electricity can be produced by burning "municipal solid waste" (MSW) as a fuel. MSW power plants‚ also called waste to energy (WTE) plants‚ are designed to dispose of MSW and to produce electricity as a byproduct of the incinerator operation. The term MSW describes the stream of solid waste ("trash" or "garbage") generated by households and apartments‚ commercial establishments‚ industries and institutions. MSW consists of everyday items such as product packaging‚ grass clippings‚ furniture‚ clothing
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The disposal of nuclear waste is quickly becoming the most important issue facing the environmental community today. Nearly twenty percent of our nation’s electricity is being supplied by approximately 100 nuclear power plants that are operating in the United States. Currently‚ most of the nuclear waste created by these power plants is being housed temporarily in storage facilities and although the total amount of nuclear waste produced in one year is small‚ the need to find a permanent method
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Why Americans Lead the World in Food Waste‚ he claims that an estimated $160 billion worth of produce is wasted annually. Wasted food is one of the largest arising problems within America today‚ and the numbers for waste keep increasing year by year. Solutions have been thought out to help solve this drastic problem‚ but nothing will be accomplished until society open their eyes and see what is truly happening. The biggest question that arises about food waste is what causes this? There are a lot
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goal in place: to be the leading automaker in waste-reduction efforts. We recycle more waste from our worldwide facilities than any other automaker‚ and no other automaker has as many facilities contributing zero waste to landfill. Whether it’s one of our 85 landfill-free manufacturing facilities‚ 20 landfill-free non-manufacturing facilities or one of the many that are nearly there‚ every site is serious about finding ways to reduce and reuse waste. In doing so‚ we reduce our impact while encouraging
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Waste: The Killer of a Nation As humans‚ we waste that is an understatement we waste a lot. We waste to the point that landmarks that existed before I was even born such as the Great Barrier Reef no longer exist. In Bill McKibbens essay “Waste Not‚ Want Not” he explains the effect of being wasteful can have on the environment. The are three types of waste that McKibben identifies that I believe are most harmful to the environment government waste‚ nuclear waste‚ and factory pollution. First‚ let
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VIPAR ENGINEERING PYROLISIS PLANT INNOVATIVE DESIGN WITH LOW INSTALLATION COST AND HIGHER EFICIENCY Technology Pyrolysis involves heating waste tyres /plastic without oxygen to break them down to char or carbon black‚ oil‚ and gas. Plants operate within a temperature range of 250° - 500°C.At temperatures above approximately 150°C tires release increasing amounts of liquid oil products and gases. Above 400°C‚ depending on the process employed‚ the yield of oil and solid tire-derived char may
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