History: In ancient cities‚ wastes were thrown onto unpaved streets and roadways‚ where they were left to accumulate. It was not until 320 BCE in Athens that the first known law forbidding this practice was established. At that time a system for waste removal began to evolve in Greece and in the Greek-dominated cities of the eastern Mediterranean. In ancient Rome‚ property owners were responsible for cleaning the streets fronting their property. But organized waste collection was associated only
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Plastic Waste Management 1. Plastics Waste: Environmental Issues and Challenges The quantum of solid waste is ever increasing due to increase in population‚ developmental activities‚ changes in life style‚ and socio-economic conditions‚ Plastics waste is a significant portion of the total municipal solid waste (MSW). It is estimated that approximately 10 thousand tons per day (TPD) of plastics waste is generated i.e. 9% of 1.20 lacs TPD of MSW in the country. The plastics waste constitutes two major
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INTRODUCTION Waste is an unavoidable by-product of most human activity. Economic development and rising living standards in the Asian and Pacific Region have led to increases in the quantity and complexity of generated waste‚ whilst industrial diversification and the provision of expanded health-care facilities have added substantial quantities of industrial hazardous waste and biomedical waste into the waste stream with potentially severe environmental and human health consequences. Waste is a general
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(2012) Need of Biomedical Waste Management System in Hospitals - An Emerging issue - A Review PRAVEEN MATHUR‚ SANGEETA PATAN* and ANAND S. SHOBHAWAT Department of Environmental Science‚ MDS University Ajmer - 305 009 (India). (Received: April 24‚ 2012; Accepted: May 27‚ 2012) ABSTRACT Medical care is vital for our life and health‚ but the waste generated from medical activities represents a real problem of living nature and human world. Improper management of waste generated in health care facilities
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SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES WITHIN INFORMAL SETTLEMENTS IN NAIROBI: A CASE STUDY OF MATHARE BY Rosemary Kwamboka TABLE OF CONTENTS ii LIST OF TABLES iii DEDICATION iv ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS v ABSTRACT vi 1.0 INTRODUCTION. 1 1.2 Background of the Study 4 1.3 Problem Statement. 5 1.4 Justification 6 1.5 The purpose of the study 6 1.6 Hypothesis 6 1.7 Specific objectives 6 2.0 LITERATURE REVIEW 7 3.0 METHODOLOGY 11 3.1 Area and population of Study 12 4.0 RESULTS 14 5.0 DISCUSSION
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Introduction Solid waste is an byproduct of human activities which tends to increase with rapid urbanization‚ improved living standards and changing consumption patterns. Management of increasing amounts of solid waste has become a major challenge in many cities in developing countries. If solid waste is properly used‚ it can be a valuable resource‚ but if it is not effectively managed‚ it can result in serious adverse impacts on environment and public health. Solid waste management is therefore
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Throughout most of history‚ the amount of waste generated by humans was insignificant due to low population density and low societal levels of the exploitation of natural resources. Common waste produced during pre-modern times was mainly ashes and human biodegradable waste‚ and these were released back into the ground locally‚ with minimum environmental impact. Tools made out of wood or metal were generally reused or passed down through the generations. However‚ some civilizations do seem to
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The Unpalatable Truth about Food Waste in America Each year‚ nearly forty percent of food is wasted in America. Per person‚ about one thousand four hundred calories are wasted each day (Hall‚ et al. 1). We turn up our noses at a bruised apple. At milk that’s a few days past its “sell by” date. At unappetizing overcooked broccoli. We dump out slightly wilted kale. Cans that have been dented on one side. Anything past its expiration date. We’re secure in our privilege‚ so we destroy food without a
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Municipal Waste Management in Namibia: The Windhoek Case Study by Raili Hasheela October 2009 Universidad Azteca Municipal Waste Management in Namibia: The Windhoek Case Study Dissertation Thesis for the Management Doctorate of Philosophy in Management with specialisation in Environmental Management by Raili Hasheela October 2009 Supervisor: Professor Gerhard Berchtold Universidad Azteca 1 Commission: Dissertation Examination Commission: DDr. Gerhard Berchtold‚ PGDipEDM
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result to production of wastes and deploring public health conditions. Furthermore‚ as development progresses‚ population also grows; and apparently population growth directly affects generation of wastes‚ be it solid or liquid. As a result‚ some of the offensive wastes during the first half of this century were hazardous. Indeed‚ rapid urbanization‚ population growth and changes in lifestyles in low- and middle-income countries contribute to increasing the per capita domestic waste generation. In fact
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