Renal Physiology PART THREE Renal Acid-Base Balance 1 Acid • • • • An acid is when hydrogen ions accumulate in a solution. It becomes more acidic [H+] increases = more acidity CO2 is an example of an acid. HCl 2 H+ H+ ClH+ H+ ClH+ 7 ClpH ClCl- As concentration of hydrogen ions increases‚ pH drops Base • A base is chemical that will remove hydrogen ions from the solution • Bicarbonate is an example of a base. NaOH Na+ OH- H + ClH+ ClNa+ OHH+ ClH+ Cl- Na+ OHH+ ClNa+ OH- 2 7 pH Acids
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Chinese dynasties‚ there has been mentioned of similar behaviors to starvation and stuffing (www.anred.com). In Ancient Roman‚ at lavish banquets‚ Romans would overindulged and then relieve themselves in a vomitorium (lavatory chamber that accommodated vomiting) so they could return to the banquet and finish eating (www.anred.com). African tribal lore contains stories of people who refused to eat during famine time‚ so they could give the little bit of food they had available to their children (www.anred
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PATHOPHYSIOLOGY FOR THE HEALTH PROFESSIONS CHAPTER 6: FLUID‚ ELECTROLYTE‚ AND ACID-BASE IMBALANCES Fluid Imbalance Review of Fluid Imbalance -Water carries nutrients into cells and removes wastes‚ transports enzymes in digestive secretions‚ and moves blood cells around the body. Fluid Compartments -Approximatley 60% of an adult’s body weight consists of water -Infant’s body weight is about 70% -Fluid is distributed between the intracellular compartment (ICF)‚ or fluid inside the
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“buttons” of a peyote cactus. The general side effects are: -Creative closed eye visuals -New thought processes -Dream-like scenarios -Euphoria -Mystical experience -Dizziness‚ Vomiting‚ Headaches‚ Anxiety -Tachycardia -Feeling of dying or annihilation -Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder (HPPD) -Irrationality of thought-process‚ fear of unable to return to normal consciousness -Can cause
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infections were subclinical infections‚ which may not have symptoms or last 72 hours or less. Some of the symptoms are: general uneasiness‚ head ache‚ red throat‚ slight fever‚ and vomiting. Clinical poliomyelitis affects the CNS. The symptoms for Nonparalytic Infection is: back pain‚ neck pain or stiffness‚ vomiting‚ leg pain/calf muscles‚ skin rash with pain‚ pain in the front of the neck‚ excessive fatigue‚ irritability‚ muscle tenderness/ spasm any part of the body. These symptoms usually
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cause ulcers and inflammation in the mouth‚ stomach and intestine ‚tongue and esophagus causing pain‚ vomiting and bleeding. Severe exposure to formaldehyde through ingestion may cause abdominal pain‚ diarrhea and possible hemorrhage in the stomach or intestines. If you frequently eat foods that are preserved with formalin‚ it will cause irritation to the stomach so the blood can cause vomiting‚ rapid breathing‚ yellowish discoloration of the skin or diarrhea mixed with blood‚ urine or blood and
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compensated by drinking extra fluids; exercise even in cold weather can cause sweating. Hot‚ humid weather‚ High altitude‚ which causes rapid breathing and increased urine output‚ Illnesses such as poorly controlled diabetes‚ and illnesses that cause vomiting‚ diarrhea‚ or fever‚ Pregnancy‚ and Certain medications. Each of these conditions alone can contribute to dehydration; a combination of them can cause it more quickly. Although caffeine does cause you to urinate more frequently‚ the effect is short-term
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Preston Pictures are at bottom Anthrax is a infectious disease caused by a bacterium called Bacillus anthracis. Anthrax most commonly occurs in livestock‚ but it can also occur in humans when they are exposed to infected animals or to tissue from infected animals or when anthrax spores are used as a bioterrorist weapon.Anthrax is most common in agricultural regions where it occurs in animals. Although anthrax can be found globally‚ it is more often a risk in countries with less s98\standardized
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Nursing diagnosis for patient with AIDS (in the movie Philadelphia) Imbalanced Nutrition: Less than body requirements R/T inability to ingest nutrients (Gulanick & Myers‚ 2007) AEB vomiting three times per day after each meal‚ 35lb weight loss in past 60 days‚ height of patient is 5’8” weight of 110lbs (Demme‚ 1993). Impaired Skin Integrity – AIDS‚ R/T immune deficiency; AIDS related dermatitis (Gulanick & Myers‚ 2007) AEB Approximately 10‚ 3 x 2 cm reddened lesions to face and torso‚ lesions
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eating any foods washed in the water as well as shellfish living in the affected waterway can cause a person to contract an infection. Cholera is rarely spread directly from person to person. Signs and symptoms Primary symptoms Profuse diarrhea and vomiting clear fluid. Symptoms usually start suddenly half a day to five days after ingestion of the bacteria. The diarrhea is frequently described as “rice water” in nature and may have a fishy odor. An untreated person may produce 10- 20 liters of diarrhea
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